Table 4.

Casual association between epigenetic age acceleration and glaucoma adjusting CCT using multivariable MR

Exposure	Outcome	SNPs	Method	OR (95% CI)	P	F-statistic	Heterogeneity	Pleiotropy
HannumAge	PACG	79	IVW	0.997 (0.916 to 1.085)	0.941	15	Q = 98, P = 0.051	Intercept = −0.0096, se = 0.0085, P = 0.259
			MR-Egger	1.041 (0.93 to 1.166)	0.485
			LASSO	0.991 (0.915 to 1.074)	0.827
CCT			IVW	1.001 (0.996 to 1.006)	0.762	23
			MR-Egger	1.001 (0.995 to 1.006)	0.843
			LASSO	1.002 (0.997 to 1.007)	0.511
IEEA	POAG	89	IVW	0.967 (0.939 to 0.997)	0.029	23	Q = 178, P = 3.0E−08	Intercept = −0.0003, se = 0.0044, P = 0.947
			MR-Egger	0.968 (0.927 to 1.011)	0.147
			LASSO	0.974 (0.954 to 0.995)	0.017
CCT			IVW	1.002 (0.999 to 1.005)	0.130	19
			MR-Egger	1.002 (0.999 to 1.005)	0.132
			LASSO	1.006 (1.004 to 1.009)	1.9E−06

PACG, primary angle-closure glaucoma; POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma; CCT, central corneal thickness; IEAA, intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration; IVW, inverse-variance weighted; MR, Mendelian randomization. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant