Table 7.

The solitary effects of adopting water stress and applying different applications methods of potassium humate and zinc applications under partial root-zone drip irrigation techniques on maize yield and irrigation water use efficiencies during the growing seasons of 2019/2020 and 2020/2021

Studied factors		Yield (kg ha−1)	IWUE (kg m−3)
PRIs techniques
FDI		4380 ± 2388 b	0.378 ± 0.2 b
ADI		6327 ± 2556 a	0.560 ± 0.3 a
Irrigation levels (Ir)
100 (%)		5040 ± 2550 b	0.375 ± 0.1 b
75 (%)		5667 ± 3557 a	0.563 ± 0.3 a
Applications (EAP)
Control		3911 ± 1552 h	0.345 ± 0.2 g
KH F		4945 ± 1670 f	0.428 ± 0.2 e
Zn F		4139 ± 1701 g	0.366 ± 0.3 f
KH S		4945 ± 1115 f	0.440 ± 0.3 e
Zn S		5221 ± 1713 e	0.457 ± 0.3 d
KH F + Zn F		6108 ± 1380 c	0.525 ± 0.2 c
KH F + Zn S		6350 ± 989 b	0.553 ± 0.2 b
KH S + Zn F		5902 ± 1444 d	0.522 ± 0.3 c
KH S + Zn S		6661 ± 876 a	0.588 ± 0.3 a
Source of variation	df	p-values
PRIs techniques	1	< 0.001	< 0.001
Irrigation levels (Ir)	1	< 0.001	< 0.001
Examined applications (EAP)	8	< 0.001	< 0.001
PRIs × Ir	1	< 0.001	< 0.001
PRIs × EAP	8	< 0.001	< 0.001
Ir × EAP	8	< 0.001	< 0.001
PRIs × Ir × EAP	64	< 0.001	< 0.001

Abbreviations: IWUE Irrigation water use efficiency, PRIs Partial root-zone drip irrigation techniques, FDI Fixed partial root-zone drip irrigation, ADI Alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation. control (tap water applications), KH F (foliar applications of potassium humate = 3 g L⁻¹ water), Zn F (foliar applications of chelated zinc = 1.25 kg ha⁻¹), KH S (applications of potassium humate applied through the drip irrigation systems = 3 g L⁻¹), Zn S (chelated zinc applied through the drip irrigation systems at a rate of 1.25 kg ha⁻¹)