Fig. 3.
Impact of copper nanoparticles on onion (a) chlorophyll a, (b) chlorophyll b, (c) carotenoids, (d) total chlorophyll, (e) chlorophyll contents (SPAD value), (f) relative water contents, (g) membrane stability index, and (h) electrolyte leakage under chromium stress. Treatments are presented as, N0 = without Cu NPs, N1 = 10 mg kg−1 Cu NPs, N2 = 15 mg kg−1 Cu NPs, with normal soil (NS) and with metal Cr (10 mg kg−1) contaminated soil (MCS). Results are represented as means of 3 replications. Means sharing same letter donot vary significantly at p < 0.05