Figure 4.

Structural equation model (SEM) in Students. Note: The training performance of students was tested for its prediction by the latent constructs psychomotor skills, personality, and motivation, and the covariates of sex and age, using an SEM approach. Psychomotor skills were modeled as being constituted by the variables visual information processing (RVPA), learning-based memory (PALFAMS), spatial working memory (SWMS), reaction time capabilities (RTIFMDRT), and motor response capabilities (MOTML). Personality was modeled as being constituted by neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Motivation was modeled as being constituted by fear of failure, challenge, probability of success, and interest [P<0.05].