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. 2024 Aug 7;30(29):3488–3510. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i29.3488

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©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

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Effect of leech Poecilobdella manillensis total protein extract on epithelial tight junction proteins, evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A: Renal zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) concentration level; B: Renal occludin concentration level; C: Jejunum ZO-1 concentration level; D: Jejunum occludin concentration level. Statistical significance determined by ANOVA is indicated as follows: ^aP < 0.05 vs hyperuricemia model group (HUA); ^bP < 0.01 vs HUA; ^cP < 0.001 vs HUA; ^dP < 0.05 vs normal control group (CON); ^fP < 0.001 vs CON. Sample sizes: Renal tissue n = 6 for each group; Jejunum tissue n = 4 for each group. CON: Normal control group; HUA: Hyperuricemia model group; AP: Allopurinol treatment group; LTP: Leech Poecilobdella manillensis total protein extract treatment group; ZO-1: Zonula occludens-1.