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. 2024 Aug 7;30(29):3488–3510. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i29.3488

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©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

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Leech Poecilobdella manillensis total protein extract alters the plasma metabolites in potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemia mice. A and B: Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) score plots for normal control group (CON), hyperuricemia model group (HUA), and leech Poecilobdella manillensis total protein extract treatment group (LTP) in positive and negative ion mode, respectively; C and D: Score plots and permutation tests of orthogonal PLS-DA (OPLS-DA) between the HUA and CON groups; E and F: Score plots and permutation tests of OPLS-DA between the LTP and HUA groups; G: Volcano plot showing most significant metabolites identified by univariate analysis between the HUA and CON groups; H: Volcano plot showing most significant metabolites identified by univariate analysis between the LTP and HUA groups; I: Summary plot for pathway analysis of CON vs HUA; J: Summary plot for pathway analysis of LTP vs HUA, a pathways coexisted in both the microbiota and metabolome. CON: Normal control group; HUA: Hyperuricemia model group; LTP: Leech Poecilobdella manillensis total protein extract treatment group; FC: Fold change.