Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Biochemical Journal logoLink to Biochemical Journal
. 1992 May 15;284(Pt 1):177–180. doi: 10.1042/bj2840177

The esterolytic activity of epidermolytic toxins.

C J Bailey 1, M B Redpath 1
PMCID: PMC1132713  PMID: 1599396

Abstract

The two epidermolytic toxins were shown to have intrinsic N-t-butyloxycarbonyl-L-glutamic acid alpha-phenyl esterase activity. The activity was dependent on free toxin pKa values of 6.6 and 6.8 for ETA and ETB respectively. ETB incorporated 0.97 mol of radiolabelled di-isopropyl phosphorofluoridate/mol of protein with loss of esterolytic and epidermolytic activities. The correspondence of epidermolytic and esterolytic activities in ETA and ETB during thermal inactivation and reaction with di-isopropyl phosphorofluoridate, together with the inactivity of the mutant protein ETA S195G, demonstrates that the two activities are dependent on a single active serine residue in each protein.

Full text

PDF
177

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Arbuthnott J. P., Billcliffe B., Thompson W. D. Isoelectric focusing studies of staphylococcal epidermolytic toxin. FEBS Lett. 1974 Sep 15;46(1):92–95. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(74)80342-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Arbuthnott J. P., Kent J., Noble W. C. The response of hairless mice to staphylococcal epidermolytic toxin. Br J Dermatol. 1973 May;88(5):481–485. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1973.tb15454.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bailey C. J., Martin S. R., Bayley P. M. A circular-dichroism study of epidermolytic toxins A and B from Staphylococcus aureus. Biochem J. 1982 Jun 1;203(3):775–778. doi: 10.1042/bj2030775. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bailey C. J., Smith T. P. The reactive serine residue of epidermolytic toxin A. Biochem J. 1990 Jul 15;269(2):535–537. doi: 10.1042/bj2690535. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bailey C. J., de Azavedo J., Arbuthnott J. P. A comparative study of two serotypes of epidermolytic toxin from Staphylococcus aureus. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1980 Jul 24;624(1):111–120. doi: 10.1016/0005-2795(80)90230-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Carmona C., Gray G. L. Nucleotide sequence of the serine protease gene of Staphylococcus aureus, strain V8. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Aug 25;15(16):6757–6757. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.16.6757. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Dancer S. J., Garratt R., Saldanha J., Jhoti H., Evans R. The epidermolytic toxins are serine proteases. FEBS Lett. 1990 Jul 30;268(1):129–132. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(90)80990-z. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Drapeau G. R. The primary structure of staphylococcal protease. Can J Biochem. 1978 Jun;56(6):534–544. doi: 10.1139/o78-082. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Elias P. M., Fritsch P., Epstein E. H. Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. Clinical features, pathogenesis, and recent microbiological and biochemical developments. Arch Dermatol. 1977 Feb;113(2):207–219. doi: 10.1001/archderm.113.2.207. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Erlanger B. F., Edel F., Cooper A. G. The action of chymotrypsin on two new chromogenic substrates. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1966 Jul;115(1):206–210. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9861(66)81058-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Freer J. H., Arbuthnott J. P. Toxins of Staphylococcus aureus. Pharmacol Ther. 1982;19(1):55–106. doi: 10.1016/0163-7258(82)90042-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Houmard J. Kinetic investigation of the staphylococcal protease-catalyzed hydrolysis of synthetic substrates. Eur J Biochem. 1976 Sep 15;68(2):621–627. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1976.tb10850.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Houmard J. Preparation of chromophoric substrates for the glutamoyl specific staphylococcal protease. Int J Pept Protein Res. 1976;8(2):199–204. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1976.tb02496.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Johnson A. D., Spero L., Cades J. S., de Cicco B. T. Purification and characterization of different types of exfoliative toxin from Staphylococcus aureus. Infect Immun. 1979 Jun;24(3):679–684. doi: 10.1128/iai.24.3.679-684.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Kondo I., Sakurai S., Sarai Y. New type of exfoliatin obtained from staphylococcal strains, belonging to phage groups other than group II, isolated from patients with impetigo and Ritter's disease. Infect Immun. 1974 Oct;10(4):851–861. doi: 10.1128/iai.10.4.851-861.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Lee C. Y., Schmidt J. J., Johnson-Winegar A. D., Spero L., Iandolo J. J. Sequence determination and comparison of the exfoliative toxin A and toxin B genes from Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol. 1987 Sep;169(9):3904–3909. doi: 10.1128/jb.169.9.3904-3909.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Melish M. E., Glasgow L. A. The staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1970 May 14;282(20):1114–1119. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197005142822002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. O'Toole P. W., Foster T. J. Molecular cloning and expression of the epidermolytic toxin A gene of Staphylococcus aureus. Microb Pathog. 1986 Dec;1(6):583–594. doi: 10.1016/0882-4010(86)90043-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. O'Toole P. W., Foster T. J. Nucleotide sequence of the epidermolytic toxin A gene of Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol. 1987 Sep;169(9):3910–3915. doi: 10.1128/jb.169.9.3910-3915.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Redpath M. B., Foster T. J., Bailey C. J. The role of the serine protease active site in the mode of action of epidermolytic toxin of Staphylococcus aureus. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1991 Jun 15;65(2):151–155. doi: 10.1016/0378-1097(91)90295-l. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Robinson T. W., Dover J. R. Experimental zosteriform herpes simplex virus infection in mouse skin. Br J Dermatol. 1972 Jan;86(1):40–48. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb01889.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Rogolsky M., Wiley B. B., Keyhani M., Glasgow L. A. Interaction of staphylococcal exfoliative toxin with concanavalin A. Infect Immun. 1974 Dec;10(6):1260–1265. doi: 10.1128/iai.10.6.1260-1265.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Rydén A. C., Rydén L., Philipson L. Isolation and properties of a staphylococcal protease, preferentially cleaving glutamoyl-peptide bonds. Eur J Biochem. 1974 May 2;44(1):105–114. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03462.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Sakurai S., Suzuki H., Kondo I. DNA sequencing of the eta gene coding for staphylococcal exfoliative toxin serotype A. J Gen Microbiol. 1988 Mar;134(3):711–717. doi: 10.1099/00221287-134-3-711. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Smith T. P., Bailey C. J. Activity requirements of epidermolytic toxin from Staphylococcus aureus studied by an in vitro assay. Toxicon. 1990;28(6):675–683. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(90)90256-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Biochemical Journal are provided here courtesy of The Biochemical Society

RESOURCES