Table 2.
Lung Cancer, Treatment Characteristics, and Postoperative Mortality Comparison Among Cohorts
| Disease, Treatment Variables, and Mortality | Screened |
Nodule |
Non–Program Based |
p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 111 | N = 357 | N = 1120 | ||
| Disease and Treatment Characteristics | ||||
| Histology, n (%) | 0.0154 | |||
| Adenocarcinoma | 55 (50) | 219 (61) | 677 (60) | |
| Adeno-Lepidic | 8 (7) | 22 (6) | 97 (9) | |
| Squamous | 49 (44) | 89 (25) | 309 (28) | |
| Adenosquamous | 1 (1) | 8 (2) | 25 (2) | |
| Large Cell | 2 (2) | 9 (3) | 18 (2) | |
| Other | 4 (4) | 32 (9) | 91 (8) | |
| Tumor Grade, n (%) | 0.1544 | |||
| Well differentiated | 9 (8) | 58 (16) | 157 (14) | |
| Moderately differentiated | 61 (55) | 151 (42) | 471 (42) | |
| Poorly differentiated | 28 (25) | 108 (30) | 360 (32) | |
| Undifferentiated | 1 (1) | 4 (1) | 24 (2) | |
| Not Reported/Cannot Be Assessed | 12 (11) | 36 (10) | 108 (10) | |
| Tumor Size (cm), n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| 0–2 | 76 (68) | 202 (57) | 530 (47) | |
| >2–3 | 19 (17) | 87 (24) | 290 (26) | |
| >3–5 | 12 (11) | 62 (17) | 210 (19) | |
| >5–7 | 4 (4) | 6 (2) | 72 (6) | |
| ≥7 | - | - | 18 (2) | |
| Preradiologic Tumor Size (cm) | <0.0001 | |||
| Mean (SD) | 1.9 (1.1) | 2.2 (1.1) | 2.5 (1.6) | |
| Median (Q1, Q3) | 1.6 (1.1, 2.3) | 1.9 (1.4, 2.8) | 2.2 (1.4, 3.1) | |
| Postpathologic Tumor Size (cm) | <0.0001 | |||
| Mean (SD) | 2.1 (1.3) | 2.4 (1.3) | 2.9 (1.9) | |
| Median (Q1, Q3) | 1.8 (1.3, 2.5) | 2 (1.5, 2.8) | 2.3 (1.6, 3.5) | |
| PET/CT, n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| No | 15 (14) | 45 (13) | 68 (6) | |
| Yes | 96 (86) | 312 (87) | 1052 (94) | |
| Invasive Staging, n (%) | 0.3544 | |||
| No | 97 (87) | 291 (82) | 930 (83) | |
| Yes | 14 (13) | 66 (18) | 190 (17) | |
| Clinical Stage, n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| Stage 0 | - | - | 3 (0) | |
| Stage IA1–IA3 | 93 (84) | 270 (76) | 690 (62) | |
| Stage IB | 10 (9) | 41 (11) | 163 (15) | |
| Stage IIA–IIB | 6 (5) | 36 (10) | 146 (13) | |
| Stage IIIA–IIIB | 2 (2) | 6 (2) | 64 (6) | |
| Stage IV | - | 2 (1) | 22 (2) | |
| Stage Not Known | - | 2 (1) | 32 (3) | |
| Clinical T Stage, n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| T0, Tx, Tis | - | - | 5 (0%) | |
| T1 | 94 (85) | 275 (77) | 718 (64) | |
| T2 | 12 (11) | 62 (17) | 227 (20) | |
| T3 | 5 (5) | 17 (5) | 101 (9) | |
| T4 | - | 1 (0) | 39 (3) | |
| Insufficient records | - | 2 (1) | 30 (3) | |
| Clinical N Stage, n (%) | 0.404 | |||
| N0 | 107 (96) | 345 (97) | 1051 (94) | |
| N1 | 4 (4) | 7 (2) | 29 (3) | |
| N2 | - | 3 (1) | 25 (2) | |
| N3 | - | - | 2 (0) | |
| Insufficient records | - | 2 (1) | 13 (1) | |
| Clinical M Stage, n (%) | 0.281 | |||
| M0 | 111 (100) | 353 (99) | 1086 (97) | |
| M1a | - | 1 (0) | 3 (0) | |
| M1b | - | 1 (0) | 19 (2) | |
| Insufficient records | - | 2 (1) | 12 (1) | |
| Pathologic Stage, n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| Stage IA1–IA3 | 68 (61) | 189 (53) | 480 (43) | |
| Stage IB | 25 (23) | 83 (23) | 225 (20) | |
| Stage IIA–IIB | 9 (8) | 56 (16) | 236 (21) | |
| Stage IIIA–IIIB | 9 (8) | 27 (8) | 167 (15) | |
| Stage IV | - | 2 (1) | 12 (1) | |
| Pathologic T Stage, n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| T0, Tx, Tis | 1 (1) | 3 (1) | 4 (0) | |
| T1 | 74 (67) | 206 (58) | 536 (48) | |
| T2 | 28 (25) | 110 (31) | 357 (32) | |
| T3 | 7 (6) | 35 (10) | 162 (14) | |
| T4 | 1 (1) | 3 (1) | 61 (5) | |
| Pathologic N Stage, n (%) | 0.1515 | |||
| Nx | 2 (2) | 5 (1) | 33 (3) | |
| N0 | 95 (86) | 304 (85) | 886 (79) | |
| N1 | 7 (6) | 29 (8) | 109 (10) | |
| N2 | 7 (6) | 19 (5) | 92 (8) | |
| Pathologic M Stage, n (%) | 0.6132 | |||
| M0 | 110 (99) | 354 (99) | 1108 (99) | |
| M1a | 1 (1) | 2 (1) | 4 (0) | |
| M1b | - | 1 (0) | 8 (1) | |
| Final Surgical Technique, n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| Open | 35 (32) | 84 (24) | 364 (33) | |
| Robotically-assisted thoracoscopic surgery | 60 (54) | 241 (68) | 433 (39) | |
| Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery | 16 (14) | 32 (9) | 322 (29) | |
| Not Reported | - | - | 1 (0) | |
| Extent of Resection, n (%) | 0.0032 | |||
| Pneumonectomy | 2 (2) | 2 (1) | 19 (2) | |
| Bilobectomy | 1 (1) | 4 (1) | 28 (3) | |
| Lobectomy | 92 (83) | 317 (89) | 959 (86) | |
| Segmentectomy | 6 (5) | 24 (7) | 37 (3) | |
| Wedge | 10 (9) | 10 (3) | 77 (7) | |
| Adjuvant Therapy | 26 (23) | 81 (23) | 307 (27) | 0.1682 |
| Postoperative Mortality | ||||
| 30-D Mortality, n (%) | 0.2914 | |||
| No | 111 (100) | 349 (98) | 1100 (98) | |
| Yes | 0 (0) | 8 (2) | 20 (2) | |
| 60-D Mortality, n (%) | 0.1667 | |||
| No | 111 (100) | 347 (97) | 1085 (97) | |
| Yes | 0 (0) | 10 (3) | 35 (3) | |
| 90-D Mortality, n (%) | 0.0339 | |||
| No | 111 (100) | 345 (97) | 1070 (96) | |
| Yes | 0 (0) | 12 (3) | 50 (4) | |
| 120-D Mortality, n (%) | 0.0689 | |||
| No | 110 (99) | 344 (96) | 1061 (95) | |
| Yes | 1 (1) | 13 (4) | 59 (5) | |
CT, computed tomography; PET, positron emission tomography; Q, quartile.