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. 2024 Jul 25;74:102739. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102739

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© 2024 The Author(s)

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 3 — Meta-analyses of associations between socioeconomic status and progression of psychological and cognitive multimorbidities in participants with a new-onset physical condition including study-specific findings. (A) Progression to physical-psychological multimorbidity; (B) progression to physical-cognitive multimorbidity; (C) progression to physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity. The models were adjusted for age and sex. sHR, subdistribution hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; HRS, US Health and Retirement Study; ELSA, English Longitudinal Study on Ageing; SHARE, Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe; CHARLS, China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study; KLoSA, Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging.