Skip to main content
. 2024 Jul 23;10(15):e35119. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35119

Table 1.

Constructs and items.

Construct Item Description Sources
Perspective-Taking (PT) PT1 I try to envision how I would feel if I were in their place before criticizing them [69]
PT2 I attempt to imagine how things might appear to my pals in order to better comprehend them.
PT3 I believe that every question has two sides to it, and I attempt to consider both of them.
PT4 Before I make a decision, I strive to consider both sides of a debate.
PT5 When I'm upset with somebody, I try to “walk in his shoes” for a bit.
Empathic Concern (EC) EC1 When I witness someone being taken advantage of, I feel compelled to protect them. [69]
EC2 I often have tender, concerned feelings for those who are less fortunate than me
EC3 I consider myself to be a tender-hearted individual.
EC4 Things that I witness often leave a quiet touch on me.
Social Entrepreneurial Self – Efficacy (SESE) SESE1 Identifying new social change business possibilities. [70]
SESE2 Creating new products/services to address social issues.
SESE3 Thinking outside the box to benefit others
SESE4 Commercializing a social enterprise proposal
SESE5 Creating a substantial societal impact.
SESE6 Increasing community support
SESE7 Putting established methods of thinking to the test
SESE8 Making a commitment to a common goal
SESE9 Committing to assisting others.
SESE10 Detecting societal issues.
Social Worth (SW) SW1 The people I assisted made me feel respected as a human [12]
SW2 The people I assisted made me feel valued as an individual.
SW3 I felt like I made a positive difference in the lives of the folks I assisted
SW4 I felt a strong connection to the people I assisted
SW5 I felt a lot of trust from the people I assisted
SW6 I felt significant to the folks I assisted
Social Entrepreneurial Intentions (SEI) SEI1 I am willing to go to any length to use my business skills to make a substantial difference in decreasing social injustices [1]
SEI2 My professional objective is to work in an environment where I can apply my commercial knowledge to solve social issues
SEI3 I will do all in my power to leverage my business expertise to effect social change.
SEI4 In the future, I am determined to have a direct societal impact through my job.
SEI5 I've seriously considered working for a social enterprise.
SEI6 I am determined to launch a social enterprise someday