Table 1. Patient’s characteristics at EV infection onset.
| All casesN=26 | Original casesN=9 | Published casesN=17 | |
| Female | 19 (73%) | 6 (67%) | 13 (76%) |
| IMIDs | |||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 7 (27%) | 3 (33%) | 4 (24%) |
| Vasculitis | 4 (15%) | 2 (22%) | 2 (12%) |
| Primary autoimmune cytopenia | 4 (15%) | 0 | 4 (24%) |
| Multiple sclerosis | 3 (12%) | 2 (22%) | 1 (6%) |
| Systemic lupus | 2 (8%) | 1 (11%) | 1 (6%) |
| Minimal change disease | 2 (8%) | 0 | 2 (12%) |
| Others* | 4 (15%) | 1 (11%) | 3 (18%) |
| Age at IMID diagnosis, years (IQR) (n=23/9/14) | 22 (15–29) | 26 (16–30) | 19 (14–24) |
| IMID duration, years (IQR) (n=23/9/14) | 7 (5–12) | 9 (8–20) | 6 (4–7) |
| Prior notable infection | 1 (4%) | 1 (11%) | 0 |
| Biological characteristics | |||
| Gammaglobulin or IgG level (g/L), median (IQR) (n=23/9/14) | 4.9 (4.3–6.7) | 5.0 (4.4–7.0) | 4.9 (4.2–6.0) |
| IgM level (g/L), median (IQR) (n=11/5/6) | 0.20 (0.12–0.45) | 0.30 (0.2–0.4) | 0.17 (0.11–0.43) |
| IgA level (g/L), median (IQR) (n=11/5/6) | 0.79 (0.50–1.07) | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 0.50 (0.33–0.90) |
| CD19+ B cells (/mm3), median (IQR) (n=20/8/12) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) |
| Treatments | |||
| Number of lines of treatment before anti-CD20 mAbs, median (IQR) | 1 (0–3) | 1 (0–3) | 1 (1–3) |
| Number of previous anti-CD20 mAbs infusions, median (IQR) (n=22/8/14) | 8 (5–10) | 8 (6–9) | 8 (5–10) |
| Time since last anti-CD20 mAbs infusion, months (IQR) (n=21/9/12) | 6 (3–13) | 4 (3–7) | 8 (4–14) |
| Steroid treatment (>10 mg/day for >2 weeks in the last year) | 4/19 (21%) | 3/9 (33%) | 1/10 (10%) |
| Associated immunosuppressive treatment | 4 (15%) | 1 (11%) | 3 (18%) |
| Methotrexate | 2 (8%) | 1 (11%) | 1 (6%) |
| Azathioprine | 1 (4%) | 0 | 1 (6%) |
| TNF inhibitor | 1 (4%) | 1 (11%) | 0 |
| Leflunomide | 1 (4%) | 0 | 1 (6%) |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 2 (8%) | 0 | 2 (12%) |
When data were missing, the number of cases for which the data wereas available is indicated.
Normal IgG level: 7–13 g/L; normal IgM level: 0.5–2.1 g/L; normal IgA level: 0.7–3.4 g/L.
*
Consisting inof: thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (n=1), psoriatic arthritis (n=1), anti-MOG -associated disease (n=1) and Devic’s disease (n=1).
d, day; EVenterovirusF, female; IMID, immune-mediated inflammatory diseases; IQR, interquartile range; M, male; mAbs, monoclonal antibodies; MOG, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein; TNF, tumour necrosis factor