Table 4.
Multivariable-adjusted means of handgrip strength and appendicular skeletal muscle mass across tertiles of dietary patterns—General Linear Model test
| Dietary pattern | I Tertile (low level) (n = 176) | II Tertile (medium level) (n = 176) | III Tertile (high level) (n = 176) | p-value | Post-Hoc Analysis p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Western dietary pattern | |||||
| HGS (kg) | 26.3 ± 10 | 26.8 ± 9 | 29.8 ± 10 | 0.001 |
1 vs 2 0.004 2 vs 3 0.017 |
| Model 1 | 28.2 ± 0.6 | 27.2 ± 0.5 | 27.5 ± 0.6 | 0.41 | / |
| Mediterrean dietary pattern | |||||
| HGS (kg) | 24.5 ± 9 | 28.3 ± 11 | 30.2 ± 10 | < 0.001 |
1 vs 2 0.001 1 vs 3 < 0.001 |
| Model 1 | 26.3 ± 0.5 | 28.2 ± 0.5 | 28.3 ± 0.5 | 0.010 |
1 vs 2 0.007 1 vs 3 0.010 |
| Dietary pattern | I Tertile (low level) (n = 56) | II Tertile (medium level) (n = 57) | III Tertile (high level) (n = 57) | p-value | Post-Hoc analysis p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Western dietary pattern | |||||
| ASMM (kg) | 17.5 ± 3 | 17.8 ± 4 | 19.3 ± 5 | 0.05 | 2 vs 3 0.07 |
| Model 1* | 18.3 ± 0.3 | 18.3 ± 0.3 | 17.9 ± 0.4 | 0.69 | / |
| Mediterrean dietary pattern | |||||
| ASMM (kg) | 16.5 ± 3 | 19.0 ± 4 | 19.1 ± 5 | 0.001 |
1 vs 2 0.005 1 vs 3 0.004 |
| Model 1* | 17.7 ± 0.3 | 18.3 ± 0.3 | 18.6 ± 0.3 | 0.16 | 1 vs 3 0.06 |
HGS handgrip strength, ASMM appendicular skeletal muscle mass
Model 1: Adjusted for age, gender, BMI, physical activity, dietary energy, daily protein intake per kg of body weight, physical activity (only for Mediterranean pattern) and lipid-lowering agents (only for Western pattern)
*Model 1: Adjusted for age, gender, obesity, dietary energy and daily protein intake per kg of body weight