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. 2024 Aug 16;7(8):e2425114. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25114

Table 2. Sample Characteristics.

Characteristics Observations, No. (%) (Nā€‰=ā€‰2240) Score, mean (SD)
Sex
Female 1110 (49.6) NA
Male 1130 (50.4) NA
Family history (cluster with familial risk), No./total No. (%) 1187/2235 (53.0) NA
Baseline assessments (14 y)
MID: Outcome phase (ventral striatal activation) 1892 (84.5) āˆ’0.24 (1.12)
MID: Anticipation phase (ventral striatal activation) 1942 (86.7) 0.22 (0.34)
MID: Anticipation phase (ventromedial prefrontal cortex activation) 1942 (86.7) 0.03 (0.62)
Parental socioeconomic status 2240 (100.0) 17.74 (3.86)
LEQ: sexuality domain (frequency score) 2240 (100.0) 0.29 (0.18)
LEQ: family domain (frequency score) 2240 (100.0) 0.26 (0.22)
Impulsivity 2206 (98.5) 26.79 (4.86)
Extraversion 2240 (100.0) 2.50 (0.46)
Risk taking 2240 (100.0) 0.55 (0.13)
Alcohol misuse (AUDIT) 2209 (98.6) 1.50 (2.67)
Follow-up
1: AUDIT, 16 y 1698 (75.8) 3.72 (3.48)
2: AUDIT, 19 y 1511 (67.5) 5.64 (4.19)
3: AUDIT, 22 y 1359 (60.7) 6.12 (4.64)

Abbreviations: AUDIT, Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test; LEQ, live events questionnaire; MID, monetary incentive delay; NA, not applicable.