Table 4.
Demographics and clinical characteristics across treatment groups
| Treated With Maintenance Therapy at Diagnosis (n = 32,981) |
Treated With Maintenance Therapy† After Diagnosis (n = 53,187) |
Untreated During the 4-Year Follow-up‡ (n = 151,990) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||
| Sex (missing = 2) | Female | 17,869 (54.2) | 29,680 (55.8) | 78,538 (51.7) | |
| Male | 15,112 (45.8) | 23,507 (44.2) | 73,450 (48.3) | ||
| Age Group (years) | < 45 | 1,242 (3.8) | 1,909 (3.6) | 6,000 (3.9) | |
| 45–54 | 7,931 (24.0) | 12,292 (23.1) | 28,793 (18.9) | ||
| 55–64 | 14,445 (43.8) | 22,335 (42.0) | 49,467 (32.5) | ||
| 65–74 | 6,290 (19.1) | 11,395 (21.4) | 41,402 (27.2) | ||
| > 74 | 3,073 (9.3) | 5,256 (9.9) | 26,328 (17.3) | ||
| Region | Northeast | 6,621 (20.1) | 11,061 (20.8) | 23,025 (15.1) | |
| Midwest | 7,982 (24.2) | 11,503 (21.6) | 33,108 (21.8) | ||
| South | 13,478 (40.9) | 21,833 (41.0) | 61,131 (40.2) | ||
| West | 4,896 (14.8) | 8,785 (16.5) | 34,710 (22.8) | ||
| Unknown | 4 (0.0) | 5 (0.0) | 16 (0.0) | ||
| Insurance Type | Commercial | 4,859 (14.7) | 7,930 (14.9) | 28,481 (18.7) | |
| Medicaid Managed Care | 11,792 (35.8) | 18,686 (35.1) | 45,458 (29.9) | ||
| Medicare Advantage | 6,793 (20.6) | 12,873 (24.2) | 31,354 (20.6) | ||
| Unknown/Other | 9,537 (28.9) | 13,698 (25.8) | 46,697 (30.7) | ||
| Cohort Entry Year | 2016 | 24,022 (72.8) | 37,653 (70.8) | 98,678 (64.9) | |
| 2017 | 8,959 (27.2) | 15,534 (29.2) | 53,312 (35.1) | ||
| Number of Patients with Exacerbations by Treatment* | Moderate | 14,734 (44.7) | 24,730 (46.5) | 22,052 (14.5) | |
| Severe | 7,873 (23.9) | 14,122 (26.6) | 10,940 (7.2) | ||
| Any | 17,961 (54.5) | 30,967 (58.2) | 29,439 (19.4) | ||
COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SD: standard deviation. *Patients could have had more than one exacerbation; †With/Without Short-Acting Medications; ‡Could Have Received Short-Acting Medications