Table 2.
Clinical trials with ICIs and targeted drug and others treatments in HCC.
| Combinations | Trial | patient Number | OS | PFS | ORR/DCR | 3 or/and 4 AEs | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| avelumab plus axitinib | Phase 1b(NCT03289533) | 22 | 14.1 months | 5.5 months | ORR:13.6%,DCR:68.2% | 3 Aes:72.7% | (50) |
| atezolizumab plus cabozantinib | phase III(COSMIC-312) | 837 | 16.5 months | 6.9 months | NA | 66% | (51) |
| atezolizumab plus bevacizumab plus lenvatinib | retrospective clinical study | 25 | 10.5 months | 6.0 months | ORR:25.0%,DCR:95.0% | 30% | (52) |
| anti-PD-1 plus lenvatinib | retrospective clinical study | 118 | 18.4 months | 10.6 months | ORR:32.7%,DCR:80.0% | 63.60% | (53) |
| anti-PD-1 plus lenvatinib | phase II | 124 | 23.9 months | 8.9 months | ORR:53.6% | 42.90% | (54) |
| anti-PD-1 plus lenvatinib | real-world report | 87 | 22.9 months | 7.5 months | ORR:45.0% | 42.50% | (55) |
| anti-PD-1 plus lenvatinib | phase III(NCT03713593) | 1309 | 21.2 months | 8.2 months | NA | 62% | (56) |
| anti-PD-1 plus lenvatinib | retrospective clinical study | 71 | NA | 9.3 months | ORR:34.1%,DCR:84.1% | NA | (57) |
| anti-PD-1 plus lenvatinib | retrospective clinical study | 159 | 21.7 months | 11.3 months | ORR:38.9%,DCR:92.6% | 5.56% | (58) |
| anti-PD-1 plus lenvatinib | phase Ib | 116 | 22 months | 9.3 months | ORR:46% | 64% | (59) |
| anti-PD-1 plus sorafenib | retrospective clinical study | 93 | 19.23 months | 8.63 months | ORR:21.4%,DCR:83.9% | 32.10% | (60) |
| anti-PD-1 plus apatinib | phase Ib/II | 28 | 13.2 months | 3.7 months | ORR:10.7% | ≥3 Aes:92.9% | (61) |
| anti-PD-1 plus rivoceranib | phase III(CARES-310) | 842 | 22.1 months | 5.6 months | ORR:25% | 81% | (62) |
| anti-PD-1 and regorafenib | retrospective clinical study | 17 | NR | 5.09 months | ORR:41.2%,DCR:64.7% | 17.64% | (63) |
| Targeted-immune combination TACE | retrospective clinical study | 139 | 14 months | 10 months | ORR:38.7%,DCR:69.4% | 3 Aes:3.2% | (64) |
| Targeted-immune combination TACE | retrospective clinical study | 65 | 26.8 months | 11.7 months | ORR:44.4%,DCR:93.3% | 73.10% | (65) |
| Targeted-immune combination TACE | retrospective clinical study | 168 | 29 months | 16.2 months | ORR:76.7%,DCR:96.7% | ≥3 Aes:30% | (66) |
| Targeted-immune combination TACE | retrospective clinical study | 204 | NR | 24.1 months | ORR:70.4%,DCR:100.0% | 35.30% | (67) |
| Targeted-immune combination TACE | retrospective clinical study | 234 | 21.7 months | 6.3 months | ORR:41.25%,DCR:86.25% | 22.50% | (68) |
| Targeted-immune combination TACE | retrospective clinical study | 84 | 26.7 months | 8.2 months | ORR:86.96%,DCR:100% | ≥3 Aes:56.53% | (69) |
| Targeted-immune combination TACE | retrospective clinical study | 152 | 20.5 months | 10.2 months | ORR:54.3% | ≥3 Aes:43.6% | (70) |
| Targeted-immune combination TACE | retrospective clinical study | 53 | NA | 8.5 months | ORR:54.9%,DCR:84.3% | ≥3 Aes:32.1% | (71) |
| Targeted-immune combination TACE | retrospective clinical study | 92 | 16.9 months | 7.3 months | ORR:56.1%,DCR:85.4% | 3 Aes:36.7% | (72) |
| Targeted-immune combination TACE | retrospective clinical study | 41 | 21.7 months | 14.5 months | ORR:68.3% | 17.00% | (73) |
| Targeted-immune combination TACE | retrospective clinical study | 169 | 10.9 months | 19.6 months | ORR:66.7%,DCR:82.6% | 14.80% | (74) |
| Targeted-immune combination TACE | retrospective clinical study | 246 | 19.5 months | 9.7 months | ORR:73%,DCR:89% | 34.70% | (75) |
| Targeted-immune combination TACE | retrospective clinical study | 87 | 24 months | 9.7 months | ORR:52.4%,DCR:83.3% | 19.00% | (76) |
| Targeted-immune combination HAIC | phase I(NCT04191889) | 40 | NR | 10.38 months | ORR:77.1%,DCR:97.1% | ≥3 Aes:74.3% | (77) |
| Targeted-immune combination HAIC | retrospective clinical study | 405 | 18.0 months | 10.0 months | DCR:83% | 0.00% | (78) |
| Targeted-immune combination HAIC | retrospective clinical study | 142 | 26.3 months | 11.5 months | ORR:61.8% | 89.80% | (79) |
| Targeted-immune combination HAIC | retrospective clinical study | 248 | 17.7 months | 10.9 month | ORR:59.5% | ≥3 Aes:4.76% | (80) |
| Targeted-immune combination HAIC | retrospective clinical study | 27 | NR | 10.6 months | ORR:63.0,DCR:92.6% | 3 Aes:55.6% | (81) |
| Targeted-immune combination HAIC | retrospective clinical study | 210 | 14.6 months | 8.37 months | ORR:60.6%,DCR:84.8% | 28.70% | (82) |
| Targeted-immune combination HAIC | retrospective clinical study | 123 | 482 days | 208 days | ORR:59% | 33% | (83) |
| Targeted-immune combination radiotherapy | retrospective clinical study | 33 | 9.8 months | 8.0 months | ORR:76.6% | 27% | (84) |
| Targeted-immune combination radiotherapy | retrospective clinical study | 202 | 15.8 months | 8.3 months | ORR:89.5%,DCR:94.7% | 5.30% | (85) |
| Targeted-immune combination chemotherapy | retrospective clinical study | 65 | NR | 10.6 months | ORR:67.3% | 59.10% | (86) |
| Targeted-immune combination chemotherapy | retrospective clinical study | 104 | 14.3 months | 8.63 months | ORR:52.8% | 41.50% | (87) |
| Targeted-immune combination chemotherapy | phase II(NCT04411706) | 47 | NA | 9.0 months | ORR:50%,DCR:91.3% | 28.30% | (88) |
| Dual immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with targeted drugs | phase I/II(CheckMate 040) | 98 | 22.1 | 4.3 months | ORR:29% | 74% | (89) |
ICIs, immune checkpoints inhibitors; ORR, objective response rate; DCR, disease control rate; mPFS, median progression free survival; mOS, median overall survival; AEs, adverse events; NR, not reached; NA, not available.