Table 1.
Comparing the baseline characteristics of the studied population among non-MetS and MetS groups (n = 10,030).
| Variable | Subgroup | Total | Non-MetS (n = 7,640) | MetS (n = 2,390) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 48.6 (10.0) | 47.7 (9.4) | 51.6 (9.3) | <0.001 | |
| Gender, Male | 4,523 (45.1) | 3,998 (52.3) | 525 (22.0) | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes | 1,232 (12.3) | 535 (7.0) | 697 (29.2) | <0.001 | |
| Hypertension | 2010 (20.0) | 863 (11.3) | 1,147 (48.0) | <0.001 | |
| Myocardial infarction | 169 (1.7) | 103 (1.3) | 66 (2.8) | <0.001 | |
| Stroke | 122 (1.2) | 66 (0.9) | 56 (2.3) | <0.001 | |
| Education | No education | 4,595 (45.8) | 3,178 (41.6) | 1,417 (59.3) | <0.001 |
| Primary school | 3,270 (32.6) | 2,576 (33.7) | 694 (29.0) | ||
| Secondary school | 1935 (19.3) | 1,683 (22.0) | 252 (10.5) | ||
| University | 230 (2.3) | 203 (2.7) | 27 (1.1) | ||
| Occupied | 4,977 (49.6) | 3,305 (43.3) | 1,672 (70.0) | <0.001 | |
| Physical activity (METs) | 41.5 (11.3) | 42.4 (12.0) | 38.6 (8.3) | <0.001 | |
| Socioeconomic status (Assert index) | −0.001 (2.118) | 0.036 (2.16) | −0.121 (1.98) | <0.001 | |
| Smoking | 1926 (19.2) | 1746 (22.9) | 180 (7.5) | <0.001 | |
| Opium | 2094 (20.9) | 1888 (24.7) | 206 (8.6) | <0.001 | |
| Alcohol | 204 (2.0) | 184 (2.4) | 20 (0.8) | <0.001 | |
| Body mass index (Kg/m2) | 25.7 (4.8) | 24.7 (4.5) | 28.9 (4.4) | <0.001 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 93.1 (11.8) | 90.4 (11.0) | 102 (9.8) | <0.001 | |
| Wrist circumference (cm) | 16.7 (1.3) | 16.6 (1.3) | 17.1 (1.4) | <0.001 | |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 99.6 (8.8) | 98.2 (8.4) | 104 (8.6) | <0.001 | |
| TG (mg/dl) | 132.0 (82.6) | 114 (62.0) | 190 (109) | <0.001 | |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 51.0 (15.9) | 52.7 (16.3) | 45.5 (13.1) | <0.001 | |
| Fasting blood sugar (mg/dl) | 92.6 (29.5) | 87.3 (18.5) | 110 (45.6) | <0.001 | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74.7 (12.0) | 72.9 (11.2) | 80.3 (12.3) | <0.001 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 111 (18.4) | 108 (16.9) | 121 (19) | <0.001 | |
| E-DII | −0.28 (2.07) | −0.68 (1.97) | 1.01 (1.86) | <0.001 |
The quantitative and qualitative variables were compared using the independent T-test and the chi-square tests. MetS, Metabolic syndrome; MET, Metaoblic Equivalent of Task; TG, Trigeliceride; HDL-C, High-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol; E-DII, Energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index. (N, % or Mean, Standard Deviation).