Table 3. Previous database studies assessing the efficacy of postoperative radiotherapy on overall survival.
| Authors | N | Primary | Stage | Database | Masaoka or Masaoka-Koga staging | 5-year OS in PORT vs. no PORT in stage II–IV | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | IIA | IIB | III | IV | ||||||
| Fernandes et al. (18) | 1,334 | Car | I–IV | SEER | NS (I–IIA) | NS | S (III–IV) | Median, 134 vs. 115 months (IIB) | ||
| Patel et al. (19) | 1,464 | Thy | I–IV | SEER | NS | S (II–III) | NA | 64% vs. 53% (II–III) | ||
| Weksler et al. (20) | 476 | Thy | III | SEER | – | – | – | NS | – | Median, 127 vs.105 months |
| Mariano et al. (21) | 171 | Thy | I–IV | BCCAR | NA | NS (II) | NA | NA | NA | |
| Ruffini et al. (22) | 2,265 | Car | I–IV | ESTS | S | 69% vs. 61% | ||||
| Omasa et al. (23) | 1,265 | TET | II–III | JART | – | NS (II) | NS | – | 97% vs. 96% (II, Thy) 93% vs. 90% (III, Thy) 91% vs. 87% (II, Car) 65% vs. 64% (III, Car) |
|
| Hishida et al. (24) | 306 | Car | I–IV | JART | NS (I–IV) | 78% vs. 74% | ||||
| Lim et al. (25) | 529 | Thy | IIB–IV | SEER | – | – | NS | S | S | NA |
| Fu et al. (26) | 329 | Car | I–IV | ChART | NS (R0, I–II) | S (R0) | S (R0) | NA | ||
| S (R1–2, I–IV) | ||||||||||
| Wang et al. (27) | 1,850 | Thy | I–IV | ChART | NS (I–IV) | NA | ||||
| Liu et al. (28) | 1,546 | TET | I–III | ChART | NS | NS (II) | NS | – | 90% vs. 96% | |
| Rimner et al. (29) | 1,263 | Thy | II–III | ITMIG | – | S (R0) | S (R0) | – | 97% vs. 93% (II) 92% vs. 76% (III) |
|
| Jackson et al. (30) | 4,056 | TET | I–IV | NCDB | NS (I–IIA) | S (Thy), NS (Car) | S (Thy), NS (Car) | NA | NA | |
| Lim et al. (31) | 312 | Car | I–IV | SEER | NS (I–II) | S | NS | NA | ||
| Mou et al. (32) | 2,234 | Thy | I–IV | SEER | NS (I–IIA) | NS | S (III–IV) | 75.4% vs. 62.9% (III–IV) | ||
| Bian et al. (33) | 1,272 | Thy | I–IV | SEER | NS | S (IIA–III) | S | NA | ||
| Gu et al. (34) | 1,087 | TET | I–II* | ChART | NS (I–II) | – | – | NA | ||
| Kim et al. (35) | 632 | Car | IIB–III | NCDB | – | – | S NS (R0) |
S | – | NA |
| Mou et al. (36) | 2,236 | Thy | I–IV | SEER | NS (I–IIA) | NS | S (III–IV) | NA | ||
| Wu et al. (37) | 216 | Car | I–IV | SEER | NS (I–IV) | NA | ||||
| Muslim et al. (38) | 1,120 | Thy | IIB–IV | SEER | – | – | NS† | S† | NS† | NA |
| Lococo et al. (39) | 203 | Car | I–IV | ESTS | S | 74% vs. 55% | ||||
| Zhang et al. (40) | 2,558 | TET | I–IV | SEER | NS (I–IIA) | S | S (Thy), NS (Car) | 82% vs. 75% (IIB, Thy) 66% vs. 46% (III–IV, Thy) 72% vs. 61% (IIB, Car) 38% vs. 23% (III–IV, Car) |
||
| Lin et al. (41) | 700 | Thy | IIB–III | SEER | – | – | NS | S | – | NA |
*, UICC stage I (equal to Masaoka stages I and II); †, disease-specific survival, not OS. OS, overall survival; PORT, postoperative radiotherapy; Car, thymic carcinoma; SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results; NS, not significant; S, significant; Thy, thymoma; BCCAR, British Columbia Cancer Agency Registry; NA, not available; ESTS, European Society of Thoracic Surgeons; TET, thymic epithelial tumor; JART, Japanese Association for Research on the Thymus; ChART, Chinese Alliance for Research of Thymoma database; ITMIG, International Thymic Malignancies Interest Group ; NCDB, National Cancer Database.