Table 1.
Univariate analysis of tic disorder instability
|
Item
|
Stable group (117 cases)
|
Unstable group (90 cases)
|
Statistical value
|
P value
|
| Age (year, mean ± SD) | 7.3 ± 2.22 | 8.0 ± 2.4 | 0.585 | 0.561 |
| Gender, n (%) | χ 2 = 0.03 | 0.863 | ||
| Male | 69 (58.97) | 52 (57.78) | ||
| Female | 48 941.02) | 38 (42.23) | ||
| Guardian’s educational level | Fisher accurate probability test | 0.037 | ||
| Associate degree and below | 10 | 36 | ||
| Bachelor’s degree | 98 | 23 | ||
| Bachelor’s degree and above | 2 | 1 | ||
| Family history | χ 2 = 4.276 | 0.039 | ||
| Yes | 74 (63.24) | 44 (44.44) | ||
| No | 43 (36.75) | 46 (51.11) | ||
| Coexisting chronic diseases | Fisher accurate probability test | 0.064 | ||
| Recurrent respiratory inflammation | 67 (57.26) | 75 (83.33) | ||
| Digestive dysfunction | 23 (19.65) | 15 (16.66) | ||
| Other chronic diseases | 12 (10.25) | 0 | ||
| None | 15 (12.82) | 10 (11.11) | ||
| BMI (kg/m², mean ± SD) | 24.23 ± 9.29 | 23.91 ± 10.22 | t = 0.868 | 0.386 |
| Medication adherence | χ 2 = 5.227 | < 0.001 | ||
| Regular | 33 (35.76) | 7 (7.00) | ||
| Irregular | 62 (65.26) | 83 (93.00) | ||
| Electronic device usage (h/day) | 3.45 ± 1.24 | 4.34 ± 1.12 | t = 1.025 | 0.028 |
| Academic pressure | ||||
| Yes | 66 (56.41) | 62(68.88) | χ 2 = 6.305 | 0.012 |
| No | 51 (43.58) | 28 (31.11) | ||
| DII score [points, M (P25-P75)] | 0.56 (-0.9-1.59) | 0.17 (-1.34 to 1.42) | 6.723 | 0.000 |
| Duration of disease | χ 2 = 1.372 | 0.561 | ||
| Within 6 months | 69 (58.97) | 50 (55.55) | ||
| Over 6 months | 48 (41.02) | 40 (44.44) | ||
BMI: Body mass index; DII: Dietary inflammatory index.