Table 4.
Adjusted Odds Ratios for Characteristics Associated With Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Admission and Death for Patients with invasive Group A Streptococcus infection: Active Bacterial Core surveillance (2010–2012)
| Characteristic | Adjusted ORa for ICU Admission (95% CI) | Adjusted ORa for Death (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Age group | ||
| 18–49 years-old | reference | reference |
| 50–64 years-old | 1.27 (1.01,1.60) | 2.02 (1.41,2.88) |
| ≥65 years-old | 1.31 (1.05,1.63) | 3.38 (2.36,4.83) |
| Race | ||
| White | reference | reference |
| Black | 1.27 (.97,1.66) | 0.84 (.56,1.26) |
| Other | 0.90 (.63,1.29) | 0.95 (.56,1.62) |
| BMI category | ||
| Normal weight (18.5–<25.0) | reference | reference |
| Underweight (<18.5) | 1.10 (.68,1.78) | 1.63 (.84,3.15) |
| Overweight (25.0–<30.0) | 1.36 (1.05,1.75) | 1.38 (.94,2.03) |
| Obese grade 1–2 (30.0–<40.0) | 1.46 (1.12,1.90) | 1.55 (1.05,2.29) |
| Obese grade 3 (≥40) | 2.07 (1.50,2.86) | 1.62 (1.01,2.61) |
| Other conditions | Reference: absence of condition | Reference: absence of condition |
| Diabetes | 1.06 (.86,1.30) | 0.77 (.57,1.04) |
| Heart disease | 1.29 (1.02,1.64) | 1.50 (1.10,2.04) |
| Malignancy | b | 1.50 (1.05,2.17) |
| Alcohol abuse | 2.34 (1.73,3.16) | 1.94 (1.28,2.96) |
| Current smoker | 1.24 (.98,1.56) | 0.65 (.44,.98) |
| Primary syndromec | Reference: absence of syndrome | Reference: absence of syndrome |
| Skin/soft tissue infectiond | 0.53 (.41,.64) | 0.26 (.17,.40) |
| Pneumonia | 1.95 (1.51,2.54) | b |
| Necrotizing fasciitis | 4.13 (2.75,6.19) | b |
| STSS/shock | 17.03 (12.57,23.08) | 4.82 (3.67,6.35) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; ICU, intensive care unit; OR, odds ratio; STSS, streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.
The models are adjusted for the variables listed unless otherwise indicated and are also adjusted for state of residency.
These factors were not included in the model because they were not significant (P > .20) on univariable analysis for the outcome (ICU admission or death) or did not change the results for the primary factors being considered (BMI category or diabetes status) and were not significant in multivariable analysis (95% confidence limits of the odds ratio included 1.0).
Persons with more than one syndrome were categorized into the most severe type based on the likelihood of death for persons with a syndrome.
Skin/soft tissue infection includes cellulitis, erysipelas, wound infections, phlebitis, lymphangitis, lymphadenitis and gangrene but excludes necrotizing fasciitis.