Table 2.
General information and quality evaluation results of the included literature.
| Study | Region | Population source | Diagnostic criteria | Muscle mass assessment methods | Sarcopenia size | Sample size | AHRQ score | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wang et al. 2024 (24) | Yunnan-guizhou Plateau region* | Community population | AWGS (2019) | BIA | 194 | 1,327 | 8 |
| 2 | Dai et al. 2023 (25) | China | Community population | AWGS (2019) | BIA | 919 | 5,016 | 6 |
| 3 | Wan et al. 2023 (26) | Gansu | Inpatients | AWGS (2019) | BIA | 232 | 540 | 6 |
| 4 | Zou et al. 2023 (27) | Anhui | Community population | AWGS (2019) | BIA | 214 | 1716 | 6 |
| 5 | Ma et al. 2023 (28) | Shandong | Inpatients | AWGS (2019) | BIA | 143 | 606 | 6 |
| 6 | Chen et al. 2023 (29) | Xiangtan | Community population | AWGS (2019) | BIA | 87 | 556 | 7 |
| 7 | Musha et al. 2023 (30) | Xinjiang | Community population | AWGS (2019) | BIA | 184 | 1,561 | 7 |
| 8 | He et al. 2022 (31) | Shanghai | Community population | AWGS (2019) | BIA | 275 | 1,407 | 9 |
| 9 | Zhong et al. 2022 (32) | Hunan | Community population | AWGS (2019) | BIA | 282 | 1,040 | 7 |
| 10 | Tang et al. 2022 (33) | Inner Mongolia | Community population | AWGS | —— | 92 | 526 | 7 |
| 11 | Han et al. 2022 (34) | Urumqi | Inpatients | SARC-F Scale | —— | 113 | 695 | 6 |
| 12 | Li et al. 2022 (35) | Tianjin | Community population | IWGS (2011) | BIA | 115 | 475 | 7 |
| 13 | Zhang et al. 2022 (36) | Dali | Community population | AWGS (2019) | BIA | 21 | 103 | 8 |
| 14 | Li et al. 2022 (37) | Zhejiang | Community population | AWGS (2014) | BIA | 278 | 1,420 | 6 |
| 15 | Ko et al. 2021 (38) | Taiwan | Health examination population | AWGS (2019) | BIA | 138 | 500 | 8 |
| 16 | Chang et al. 2021 (39) | Taiwan | Nursing home population | AWGS (2019) | BIA | 88 | 170 | 7 |
| 17 | Pan et al. 2021 (40) | Xining | Inpatients | AWGS (2014) | BIA | 30 | 150 | 6 |
| 18 | Zhang et al. 2021 (41) | Jiangsu | Inpatients | AWGS (2019) | BIA | 173 | 445 | 7 |
| 19 | Liu et al. 2020 (42) | Western China* | Community population | AWGS | BIA | 556 | 1712 | 7 |
| 20 | Yang et al. 2020 (43) | Urumqi | Community population | EWGSOP (2018) EWGSOP (2014) AWGS (2014) IWGS (2011) |
BIA | 483 | 22 76 44 78 |
6 |
| 21 | Chen et al. 2020 (44) | Nanjing | Community population | EWGSOP | DXA | 27 | 249 | 7 |
| 22 | Xu et al. 2020 (45) | Chengdu | Inpatients | AWGS (2014) | DXA | 63 | 142 | 6 |
| 23 | Liang et al. 2020 (46) | Beijing | Inpatients | AWGS (2014) | DXA | 80 | 180 | 8 |
| 24 | Meng et al. 2020 (47) | Xinxiang | Community population | AWGS (2014) | BIA | 131 | 1,004 | 7 |
| 25 | Che et al. 2020 (48) | Urumqi | Community population | Ishii Scale | – | 287 | 740 | 8 |
| 26 | Tian et al. 2020 (49) | Urumqi | Community population | AWGS (2014) | BIA | 35 | 395 | 8 |
| 27 | Yang et al. 2019 (50) | Suzhou | Nursing home population | AWGS (2014) | BIA | 91 | 316 | 8 |
| 28 | Yao et al., 2019 (51) | Xiangtan | Inpatients | AWGS | BIA | 47 | 378 | 7 |
| 29 | Liu et al. 2019 (52) | Chongqing | Community population | AWGS (2014) | BIA | 14 | 247 | 7 |
| 30 | He et al. 2019 (53) | Beijing | T2DM patients | AWGS (2014) | BIA | 75 | 650 | 6 |
| 31 | Hao et al. 2018 (54) | Chengdu | Inpatients | AWGS | BIA | 127 | 407 | 7 |
| 32 | Zeng et al. 2018 (55) | Chengdu | Nursing home population | EWGSOP AWGS IWGS |
BIA | 277 | 90 95 106 |
7 |
| 33 | Zhang et al. 2018 (56) | Shanghai | Community population | AWGS | BIA | 164 | 1,148 | 8 |
| 34 | Wang et al. 2018 (57) | Chengdu | Community population | AWGS (2014) | BIA | 71 | 915 | 7 |
| 35 | Yang et al. 2018 (58) | Suzhou | Community population | AWGS | DXA | 91 | 316 | 8 |
| 36 | Liao et al. 2018 (59) | Chongqing | Nursing home population | AWGS (2014) | BIA | 86 | 225 | 6 |
| 37 | Wang et al. 2018 (60) | Nantong | Outpatient | AWGS (2014) | BIA | 92 | 407 | 8 |
| 38 | Hai et al. 2017 (61) | Chengdu | Community population | AWGS | BIA | 88 | 836 | 8 |
| 39 | Hu et al. 2017 (62) | Sichuan | Community population | AWGS (2014) | DXA | 112 | 607 | 7 |
| 40 | Han et al. 2016 (63) | Tianjin | Community population | AWGS (2014) | BIA | 99 | 1,069 | 6 |
| 41 | Xia et al. 2016 (64) | Beijing | Community population | AWGS (2014) | BIA | 137 | 683 | 6 |
| 42 | Gao et al. 2015 (65) | Sichuan | Community population | AWGS | — | 60 | 612 | 9 |
| 43 | Meng et al. 2015 (66) | Taiwan | Community population | EWGSOP | DXA | 44 | 771 | 7 |
| 44 | Wu et al. 2014 (67) | Taiwan | Community population | EWGSOP | BIA | 39 | 549 | 6 |
| 45 | Yu et al. 2014 (68) | Hong Kong | Community population | EWGSOP | — | 361 | 4,000 | 8 |
AWGS, Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia; EWGSOP, European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People; IWGS, International Working Group on Sarcopenia; SARC-F Scale, a simple five-item scoring questionnaire for sarcopenia; Ishii Scale, a simple three-item scoring questionnaire for sarcopenia; BIA, bioelectrical impedance method; DXA, dual-energy X-ray absorption method; AHRQ, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; T2DM, type 2 diabetes. Yunnan-guizhou Plateau region*, specifically Liupanshui City and Kunming City; Western China*, specifically Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Xinjiang.