Table 2.
Literature used for analysis
| Citations | Flash strength range | Luminance step size | Method of fitting | Patient population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [32] | 6 log (− 2.58 to 3.58 log cd·s/m2) | 0.5 log | None | Central retinal artery occlusion |
| [6] | 3 log | 15 steps (0.2 log) | Naka–Rushton | RP |
| [43] | 5 log | 11 steps (0.5 log) | Logistic function | 27 patients after renal transplant |
| [29] | 3.7 log (− 2.9 to 0.6 log cd·s/m2) | 15 steps (0.25 log) | Naka–Rushton | AMD |
| [44] | 3.25 log | Naka–Rushton | ||
| [19] | 4.0 log (− 2 to 2 log scot td-s) | 16 steps (0.25 log) | Naka–Rushton | RP |
| [45] | 3.5 log | 6 steps (0.6 log) | Naka–Rushton | Isotretinoin toxicity |
| [20] | 7.5 log | 0.5 log or 1.0 log | none | Supernormal rod ERG |
| [21] | 4.1 log (using rod isolation) | 0.2 log per step | Naka–Rushton | RP |
| [7] | 4.1 log (using rod isolation) | 0.2 log per step | Naka–Rushton | RP, cone dystrophy |
| [22] | 4.1 log (using rod isolation) | 0.2 log per step | Naka–Rushton | RP |
| [23] | 3.5 log (− 2.61 to 0.87 log cd·s/m2) | 18 steps (0.2 log) | Naka–Rushton | X-linked RP |
| [33] | 4 log | 8 steps (0.5 log) | Naka–Rushton | CRVO |
| [41] | 4 log | 17 steps (0.25 log) | Naka–Rushton | Normal and achromatopsia |
| [46] | 3.8 log (− 2.97 to 0.82 log cd·s/m2) | 18 steps (0.2 log) | Naka–Rushton | Albinism |
| [47] | 4 log | 13 steps (0.3 log) | Naka–Rushton | Cone–rod degeneration |
| [48] | 3.8 log (− 2.97 to 0.82 log cd·s/m2) | 18 steps (0.2 log) | Naka–Rushton | Sickle cell retinopathy |
| [24] | 3.5 log (− 1.5 to 2 log scot td-s) | 13 steps (0.25 log) | Naka–Rushton | Elevated cyclic Guanosine monophosphate type Human retinal degeneration |
| [34] | 3.6 log | 8 steps (0.6 log) | Naka–Rushton | Central retinal vein occlusion |
| [49] | 4.5 log (− 3.6 to 0.9 log cd·s/m2) | 10 steps (0.45 log) | Naka–Rushton | Normal |
| [50] | 5 log (− 1 to 4.0 log scot td-s) | 19 steps (0.26 log) | Naka–Rushton | |
| [51] | 3.6 log | 13 steps (0.27 log) | Naka–Rushton of first limb | Normal |
| [35] | 4 log | 0.2 log per step | Naka–Rushton | Central retinal vein occlusion |
| [36] | Threshold to 0.29 log cd·s/m2 | 0.2 log | Naka–Rushton | Central retinal vein occlusion |
| [10] | 2.5 log (− 2.0 to 0.5 log scot td-s) | 0.28 log | Naka–Rushton | Normal over the life span |
| [25] | 3.25 log (− 1.19 to 2.04 log scot td-s) | Unspecified | Naka–Rushton | RP and normal |
| [14] | 3.50 log (− 4.5 to − 1 log cd·s/m2) | 0.2 log per step | Naka–Rushton | Sildenafil toxicity |
| [52] | 3.25 log (− 4.25 to − 1 log cd·s/m2) | 14 steps (0.25 log) | Naka–Rushton | Normal |
| [53] | 5.0 log (to 25.2 cd·s/m2) | 0.3 (Boston site); 1 log (Cambridge site) | Naka–Rushton | Normal children and adults |
| [54] | 3.7 log (− 0.7 to 3.0 log scot td-s) using rod isolation | Unspecified | Naka–Rushton | Cone dystrophy |
| [15] | 3.50 log (− 4.5 to − 1 log cd·s/m2) | 0.2 log per step | Naka–Rushton | Sildenafil toxicity |
| [55] | 4.0 log (− 5.01 to − .96 log cd·s/m2) blue light | 11 steps (0.36 log) | Naka–Rushton | Normal circadian rhythm |
| [56] | 4.0 log (− 3.95 to 0.05 log cd·s/m2) | 0.3 log;# of steps depending on the start of second limb | Naka–Rushton | Depression |
| [57] | 3.25 log (− 4.25 to − 1.0 log cd·s/m2) green light | 14 steps (0.23 log) | Naka–Rushton | Normal, dilated versus undilated |
| [58] | 3.25 log (− 4.25 to − 1.0 log cd·s/m2) green light | 14 steps (0.23 log) | None | Normal |
| [8] | 4.06 log (− 3.0 to 1.06 log cd·s/m2) | 8 steps (0.5 log) | None | KCNV2 retinopathy |
| [59] | 3.25 log (− 4.25 to − 1.0 log cd·s/m2) | 14 steps (0.23 log) | Sigmoid curve | Normal, patients with seasonal affective disorder |
| [11] | 4.9 log (− 3.27 to 2.16 log scot td-s) using rod isolation | 0.4 log | Naka–Rushton | Preterm infants with and without ROP |
| [16] | 3.5 log (− 3.27 to 0.26 log cd·s/m2) | 8 steps (0.5 log) | Naka–Rushton | Toxicity (bevacizumab) |
| [17] | 4 log (− 3.62 to 0.38 log cd·s/m2) | 4 steps (1.0 log) | Naka–Rushton | Patients (unknown diagnosis) receiving bevacizumab |
| [18] | 4.9 log (− 1.95 to 2.95 log scot td-s) | 0.3 log | Naka–Rushton | Normal |
| [9] | 5 log (− 4 to 1 log cd·s/m2) | 10 steps (0.5 log) | Naka–Rushton | KCNV2 retinopathy |
| [60] | 5 log (− 4 to 1 log cd·s/m2) | 10 steps (0.5 log) | Naka–Rushton | Normal |
| [4] | 4.2 log (− 0.7 to 3.5 log scot td-s) | 7 steps (0.5 log) | H2 clearance curves | Normal |
| [61] | 5.5 log (− 4.5 to 1.0 log cd·s/m2) | 0.5/0.25 log | Naka–Rushton | Glaucoma/normal (35/17) |
| [26] | 3.5 log (− 1.5 to 2 log scot td-s) | 13 steps (0.27 log) | Naka–Rushton | RP heterozygotes/normal (11/19) |
| [12] | 4 log (− 3 to 1 log cd·s/m2) | 0.25 (adult); 0.5 (infant) | Naka–Rushton | Infant ROP/adult normal (19/3) |
| [62] | 3.9 log (− 3.95 to − 0.05 log cd·s/m2) | 0.3 log | Naka–Rushton | Normal (10) |
| [27] | Not specified | Not specified | Naka–Rushton | RP/CRD/normal (11/17/50) |
| [38] | 3.1 log (− 3.1 to 0 log cd·s/m2) | Variable (0.35 to 0.82 log) | Naka–Rushton | Diabetics/normal (65/10) |
| [42] | Threshold to 0.6 log cd·s/m2 | 0.2 log | Naka–Rushton | CRVO/normal (94/124) |
| [63] | 3.8 log (− 3.0 to 0.8 log cd·s/m2) | 18 steps (0.2 log) | Naka–Rushton | Normal (30) |
| [64] | 3.0 log (− 2.9 to 0.1 log cd·s/m2) | 0.3–0.4 log | Naka–Rushton | Normal (45: 61 eyes) |
| [13] | Not specified | 7 steps | Naka–Rushton | Normal (269) |
| [39] | 4.0 log (− 3.8 to 0.2 log cd·s/m2) | 0.2 log | 1. Naka–Rushton 2. NR to first limb 3. Log model (− 3.8 to − 2.2 log cd·s/m2) |
Diabetics/normal (152/40) |
| [28] | 5 log | 0.3 log | Naka–Rushton | CSNB |