Table 2.

Decoding effectiveness of each decoder in off-line test

Number	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
Principle	RF	BP	KNN	SVR	LSTM	WF	PLS	MNLR	EKF
$\mathit{SOSE}$	$5.9\times {10}^{-2}$	$2.1\times {10}^{-1}$	$2.43\times {10}^{-1}$	$4.3\times {10}^{-1}$	$3.78\times {10}^{-1}$	$7.0\times {10}^{-1}$	$7.4\times {10}^{-1}$	1.28	1.54
Speed (s)	0.28	0.34	200	1.82	1.44	2.61	0.53	0.33	0.72

The calculation formula of $\mathit{SOSE}$ can be found in formula (53). The speed is the total time required for the decoder to decode 10,000 samples