Table 2.

IoEV energy trading symbols and description of the MPOA.

Symbols	Descriptions
$H_1,H_2,H_3$	Verification message
$e$	Hash function
$G_{\mathit{pwd}}$	TA password
$F_{\mathit{ID}}$	TA ID
$i,j,k,l$	Random numbers
$J_{\mathit{ID}}$	Vehicle ID
$L_h$	Digital signature
$K_{\mathit{pwd}}$	RSU password
$I_1$	Data selling request
$J_{\mathit{pwd}}$	Vehicle password
$K_{\mathit{ID}}$	RSU ID
$v_w$	Data to be traded
$\mathit{COV}$	Certificate of vehicle
$U$	Timestamp
$m$	Chebyshev polynomial function
$W_{\mathit{add}}$	Wallet address
$I$	Encryption function
$L_f$	Secret key
$\mathit{MOD}$	Modulation function
$x$	Interpolation function
$I_m$	Data protected
$t(J_{\mathit{ID}})$	Current location of EV
$Q_i$	Payment message
$f$	Key
$q_k$	Response request
$B_D$	Amount of Energy
$Q_D$	Energy buying price
$r$	Parameter