Table 3.

Pareto front of the suggested grid-connected VPP operation.

ωEC	ωEL	ωVS	Energy cost ($)	Energy loss (MWh)	Voltage Security (sum of WSI) (p.u.)
1	0	0	1422.6	3.023	19.8
0	1	0	2943.5	1.354	21.5
0	0	1	2381.2	2.137	23.1
0.75	0.25	0	1923.7	2.479	20.0
0.75	0	0.25	1945.6	2.891	20.4
0	0.75	0.25	2811.3	1.573	21.7
0.25	0.75	0	2683.2	1.897	19.9
0.25	0	0.75	2694.1	2.867	22.5
0	0.25	0.75	2900.4	1.676	22.7
0.5	0.5	0	2018.5	2.094	19.9
0.5	0	0.5	2057.2	2.746	20.9
0	0.5	0.5	2854.8	1.722	22.4
0.33	0.33	0.33	2145.6	2.221	21.2