Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population at 6 and 18 months after COVID-19 infection.
| Characteristics | Value at 6 mon (n = 68) | Value at 18 mon (n = 42) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | 39 (29–58) | 43 (27–60) | |
| Male sex | 28 (41.2) | 18 (42.9) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.5 ± 3.4 | 24.4 ± 3.2 | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Cerebrovascular accident | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Hypertension | 12 (17.6) | 9 (21.4) | |
| Coronary artery disease | 1 (1.4) | 1 (2.4) | |
| Diabetes | 9 (13.2) | 7 (16.7) | |
| Symptoms at admission | |||
| None | 4 (5.9) | 4 (9.5) | |
| Cough | 32 (47.1) | 17 (40.5) | |
| Sputum | 13 (19.1) | 8 (19.0) | |
| Fever/chills | 41 (60.3) | 22 (52.4) | |
| Rhinorrhea | 11 (16.2) | 8 (19.0) | |
| Dyspnea | 7 (10.3) | 5 (11.9) | |
| Diarrhea | 11 (16.2) | 6 (14.3) | |
| Dysosmia | 36 (52.9) | 16 (38.1) | |
| Dysgeusia | 27 (39.7) | 14 (33.3) | |
| Sore throat | 15 (22.1) | 8 (19.0) | |
| CXR grade at admission | |||
| Grade 0 (no lesion) | 29 (42.6) | 15 (35.7) | |
| Grade 1 (0–25%) | 16 (23.5) | 12 (28.6) | |
| Grade 2 (25–50%) | 4 (5.9) | 3 (7.1) | |
| Grade 3 (50–75%) | 3 (4.4) | 2 (4.8) | |
| Grade 4 (75–100%) | 12 (17.6) | 10 (23.8) | |
| Smoking status at admission | |||
| Current smoker | 4 (5.9) | 1 (2.4) | |
| Ex-smoker | 1 (1.4) | 4 (9.5) | |
| Nonsmoker | 22 (32.4) | 19 (45.2) | |
| Ordinal severity scale during admission | |||
| Mild | 37 (54.4) | 20 (47.6) | |
| Moderate | 20 (29.4) | 16 (38.1) | |
| Severe | 10 (14.7) | 6 (14.3) | |
| Highest level of ventilatory support | |||
| Oxygen therapy | 46 (67.6) | 26 (61.9) | |
| Invasive ventilation | 15 (22.1) | 10 (23.8) | |
| No respiratory support | 6 (8.8) | 6 (14.3) | |
| Treatment | |||
| Steroid | 11 (16.2) | 9 (21.4) | |
| Remdesivir | 8 (11.8) | 6 (14.3) | |
| Convalescent therapy | 3 (4.4) | 1 (2.4) | |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 7 (10.3) | 5 (11.9) | |
| Ritonavir/lopinavir | 5 (7.4) | 2 (4.8) | |
| Duration of hospital stay | 31.5 (22.8–39.3) | 34.0 (21.3–38.0) | |
Values are presented as numbers of participants (%), mean ± standard deviation, or median (interquartile range).
COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019, BMI = body mass index, CXR = chest radiograph.