Table 3.

Factors associated with CPFE.

Variables	OR (95%CI)	P value	Adjusted OR (95%CI)	P value
Age	1.01 (0.97–1.05)	0.693
Gender (male)	2.97 (0.68–13.07)	0.149
Smoking status (current smoker)	3.52 (0.78–15.93)	0.103
Smoking status (former smoker)	3.57 (0.79–16.08)	0.097
Pack years	1.00 (0.99–1.01)	0.919
Comorbidities
Lung cancer	0.61 (0.33–1.15)	0.127
Rheumatic diseases	3.43 (1.47–8.02)	0.004	4.13 (1.22–13.94)	0.022
Pulmonary hypertension	0.66 (0.29–1.49)	0.313
Hypertension	0.93 (0.50–1.75)	0.829
Coronary heart disease	0.85 (0.42–1.74)	0.656
Cerebrovascular diseases	1.29 (0.49–3.41)	0.607
Diabetes	1.54 (0.76–3.11)	0.230
Tuberculosis	0.81 (0.41–1.59)	0.531
Chronic liver diseases	0.68 (0.19–2.43)	0.557
Blood test
Hb	1.01 (0.99–1.02)	0.506
Neut	0.95 (0.86–1.05)	0.295
Lymph	0.82 (0.51–1.32)	0.419
Eos	2.83 (0.57–14.16)	0.205
Plt	1.00 (0.99–1.00)	0.043	1.00 (0.99–1.00)	0.064
ALB	0.98 (0.93–1.04)	0.544
LDH	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.436
TBIL	1.01 (0.98–1.05)	0.459
INR	10.27 (1.65–64.07)	0.013	4.18 (0.43–40.38)	0.216
CRP	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.387
ESR	1.01 (1.00–1.02)	0.102
C3	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.139
C4	1.00 (0.99–1.00)	0.482
TC	0.82 (0.64–1.06)	0.137
HDL-C	0.35 (0.13–0.98)	0.045	0.42 (0.12–1.44)	0.582
KL-6/100 (U/mL)	1.11 (1.05–1.17)	<0.001	1.11 (1.04–1.17)	0.001

Abbreviations: Hb, hemoglobulin; Neut, neutrophil; Lymph, Lymphocyte; Eos, eosinophil; PLT, platelet; ALB, Albumin; LDH, Lactate dehydrogenase; TBIL, Total bilirubin; INR, International normalized ratio; CRP, C-reaction protein; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; C3, complement C3; C4, complement C4; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, High density lipoprotein cholesterol; KL-6, Krebs Von den Lungen-6.