Table 1.

Quotation of students on themes identified in qualitative analysis qualitative analysis was done to identify codes and specify themes. The perception of students regarding online and hybrid models was collected via FGDs (focused group discussions) and are detailed in the form of quotations against each theme

No	Codes identified (themes)	Quotation of students
1.	Perception of the usefulness of study guides	“Study guides are very helpful as they give us detailed learning objectives regarding the entire module.” “It guides us which topic should be studied and how it should be done.”
2.	Utilization of study guidebooks	“I know about learning objectives.” “It helps during revision as main topics are highlighted; it helps us figure out what to study without confusion and the syllabus includes everything clearly.” “it should be explained in the beginning how to utilize it.”
3.	Benefits of study guidebooks:	“We do not have to waste time wandering what to do as it helps us to study everything to the point.” “Learning objectives help to focus what to study.” “It acts as a filter so that we focus on important topics first and supporting topics later on.”
4.	Perception of learning outcomes:	“Learning objectives are smart”; “They are defined as what I need to know and how to learn.” “They covered each and every aspect of the topic.”
5.	Implementation of learning outcomes:	“There should be more small group sessions for successful implementation of outcomes.” “It could be better if its significance and importance are realized.” “The syllabus was according to objectives, and teachers taught accordingly.” “Implementation should be improved by coordination between faculty.”
6.	Effectiveness of teaching sessions:	“There should be more focus on videos and animations as they help us recall better.”; “Yes, it was strictly according to learning objectives.” “Teachers always showed us learning objectives at the beginning of lectures and taught us accordingly.”
7.	Usefulness of SGDs and PBL	“PBLs help us to correlate different subjects. Scenarios are very informative and improve our knowledge.” “SGDs are helpful, smaller the group, more is the learning” “SGDs help us understand the topic and provide an opportunity to ask questions more openly.” “They help us consolidate more information and could be improved by covering a wide spectrum of topics.” “PBLs seem disconnected from the course.” “A different perspective on the same question is obtained and is retained for a longer time.”
8.	Effectiveness of practical sessions	“They are not necessarily long.” “There should be more focus on performance than completing practical copies.” “Practical sessions are useful but should be done in one hour.” “They are helpful as they improve our skills.”
9.	Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Teaching	“In-class teaching is better as online teaching lacks interaction, and students fail to focus due to limited attention span.” “Usefulness depends on the type of student, if a student was exposed to technology in schooling, they would say it was better.” “Yes, to some extent, as there were some deficiencies as lack of communication and questions were tough to communicate.” “We could play lectures again.” “Zoom was useful but webinars were not.” “They were able to sleep after logging in.” “Home comfort” “No traveling saves time.” “Were not able to see bones in anatomy.” “Network issues.”
10	Advantages and Disadvantages of On-Campus Teaching	“We can ask questions and interact with teachers.” “Both were pretty much equally effective.” “More effective due to direct experience.” “Punctuality and routine get set.” “Could be able to see the bones and perform practical.”