TABLE 2.
Baseline recipient and donor characteristics stratified by donation after circulatory death heart procurement technique
| Direct procurement and perfusion (n = 175) | Normothermic regional perfusion (n = 65) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Recipient characteristics | |||
| Age (y) | 55 (42–64) | 60 (53–66) | .003 |
| Gender: male | 76.0 (133) | 78.5 (51) | .69 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29.4 (26.1–32.7) | 29.1 (26.7–32.7) | .76 |
| Race: white | 67.4 (118) | 67.7 (44) | .97 |
| Diabetes | 29.1 (51) | 29.2 (19) | .99 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 6.3 (11) | 1.5(1) | .33 |
| Ischemic cardiomyopathy | 25.7 (45) | 33.9 (22) | .21 |
| Dialysis after listing | 1.1 (2) | 1.5 (1) | 1.00 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.16 (0.95–1.46) | 1.24 (1.01–1.50) | .13 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 0.7 (0.5–0.8) | .09 |
| Prior sternotomy | 42.5 (74) | 49.2 (32) | .35 |
| Heart retransplantation | 2.3 (4) | 1.5 (1) | 1.00 |
| Transfusion after listing | 4.6 (8) | 7.7 (5) | .35 |
| Blood type O | 58.9 (103) | 50.8 (33) | .61 |
| Multiorgan transplant | 2.9 (5) | 9.2 (6) | .07 |
| Waitlist time (d) | 53 (15–175) | 67 (19–212) | .52 |
| Urgent status* | 23.4 (41) | 7.7 (5) | .006 |
| Pretransplant inotrope | 27.4 (48) | 15.4 (10) | .06 |
| Pretransplant MCS | |||
| ECMO | 0.6 (1) | 0 (0) | 1.00 |
| IABP | 12.0 (21) | 3.1 (2) | .05 |
| LVAD | 44.0 (77) | 40.0 (26) | .75 |
| Pretransplant location | .007 | ||
| Hospitalized: ICU | 22.9 (40) | 6.2 (4) | |
| Hospitalized: non-ICU | 16.0 (28) | 13.9 (9) | |
| Not hospitalized | 61.1 (107) | 80.0 (52) | |
| Functional status | .001 | ||
| Mild limitation | 9.7 (17) | 13.9 (9) | |
| Moderate limitation | 34.9 (61) | 58.5 (38) | |
| Severe limitation | 53.1 (93) | 27.7 (18) | |
| Unknown | 2.3 (4) | 0 (0) | |
| Donor characteristics | |||
| Age, y | 30 (23–35) | 28 (23–35) | .63 |
| Gender: male | 86.9 (152) | 86.2 (56) | .89 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.6 (24.0–30.8) | 27.4 (24.8–30.1) | .36 |
| Race: white | 79.4 (139) | 81.5 (53) | .72 |
| Diabetes | 2.9 (5) | 1.5 (1) | 1.00 |
| Hypertension | 13.1 (23) | 9.2 (6) | .19 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 63 (60–65) | 61 (60–68) | .46 |
| Gender mismatch | 18.9 (33) | 16.9 (11) | .73 |
| Predicted heart mass ratio | 1.00 (0.90–1.13) | 0.98 (0.93–1.06) | .52 |
| Cause of death | .94 | ||
| Anoxia | 45.7 (80) | 44.6 (29) | |
| Cerebrovascular/stroke | 4.0 (7) | 4.6 (3) | |
| Head trauma | 46.9 (82) | 46.2 (30) | |
| Others | 3.4 (6) | 4.6 (3) | |
| Total graft preservation time (h) | 6.1 (5.1–6.9) | 3.3 (2.2–3.8) | <.001 |
| Distance from transplant center (nautical miles) | 410 (229–612) | 228 (16–381) | <.001 |
All values are in % (n) or median (IQR). MCS, Mechanical circulatory support; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; LVAD, left ventricular assist device; ICU, intensive care unit.
*
Patients with UNOS status 1 or 2 (unable to be discharged from hospital and requiring mechanical circulatory support or with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias) at the time of transplant were considered to have urgent status.