Fig. 2.

Effects of 5-AzaC and DMOG on trophoblast differentiation and trophoblastic spheroid formation. A, B The relative mRNA expression of early trophoblast marker GATA3, STB markers (ERVW-1 and CGB3) and EVT marker (HLA-G) after treatments with 0.5 μM of 5-AzaC (0–24 h) (A) or 40 μM of DMOG (24-48 h) (B) during BAP-induced trophoblast differentiation from hEPSC-em-GATA3^mCherry reporter line (n = 3). C The β-hCG levels in the conditioned media collected from 72 to 120 h after treatments with 0.5 μM of 5-AzaC at 0-24 h or 40 μM of DMOG at 24-48 h during BAP-induced trophoblast differentiation from hEPSC-em-GATA3^mCherry reporter line (n = 3). D The percentages of cystic structure formed in control, 5-AzaC or DMOG treated trophoblastic spheroids at 48 h and 72 h (n = 4–5). E The 1-h attachment rates of control, 5-AzaC- and DMOG-treated trophoblastic spheroids at 72 h on receptive Ishikawa cells (n = 4). Data were presented as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05 compared to control group