Table 3.
Adjusted association for pesticide exposures (kg) within a 400-m radius of a child’s residence and wheezing symptoms at baseline in the AIRE cohort, stratified by history of doctor-diagnosed asthma
| Wheezing prevalence (95% CI) Mina |
Wheezing prevalence (95% CI) Fullb |
Wheezing prevalence (95% CI) Min |
Wheezing prevalence (95% CI) Full |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposurec | n | Asthmatic | n | Asthmatic | n | Nonasthmatic | n | Nonasthmatic |
| All | ||||||||
| None | 40 | 36 | 154 | 143 | ||||
| Low (<67 kg) | 59 | 0.12 (−0.09, 0.32) | 56 | 0.13 (−0.09, 0.35) | 176 | 0.03 (−0.03, 0.09) | 166 | 0.03 (−0.03, 0.09) |
| High (≥67 kg) | 56 | 0.18 (−0.02, 0.38) | 51 | 0.17 (−0.04, 0.39) | 173 | 0.04 (−0.01, 0.10) | 162 | 0.05 (−0.01, 0.11) |
| Sulfur | ||||||||
| None | 78 | 70 | 319 | 299 | ||||
| Low (<80 kg) | 37 | −0.05 (−0.24, 0.14) | 36 | −0.03 (−0.23, 0.17) | 96 | −0.003 (−0.07, 0.06) | 89 | −0.001 (−0.07, 0.07) |
| High (≥80 kg) | 40 | 0.18 (−0.01, 0.37) | 37 | 0.14 (−0.06, 0.35) | 88 | 0.05 (−0.01, 0.11) | 83 | 0.05 (−0.01, 0.12) |
| All minus sulfur | ||||||||
| None | 41 | 37 | 156 | 145 | ||||
| Low(<34 kg) | 49 | 0.09 (−0.10, 0.28) | 47 | 0.09 (−0.12, 0.30) | 183 | 0.02 (−0.04, 0.07) | 174 | 0.02 (−0.04, 0.08) |
| High (≥34 kg) | 65 | 0.19 (−0.02, 0.40) | 59 | 0.19 (−0.04, 0.42) | 164 | 0.06 (0.002, 0.12) | 152 | 0.06 (0.002, 0.12) |
| Chlorpyrifos | ||||||||
| None | 123 | 112 | 407 | 380 | ||||
| Low (<2 kg) | 16 | 0.15 (−0.10, 0.41) | 16 | 0.17 (−0.10, 0.43) | 46 | 0.03 (−0.05, 0.11) | 43 | 0.03 (−0.05, 0.11) |
| High (≥2 kg) | 16 | 0.29 (0.03, 0.55) | 15 | 0.24 (−0.02, 0.51) | 50 | 0.09 (0.007, 0.17) | 48 | 0.10 (0.008, 0.18) |
| Glyphosate | ||||||||
| None | 79 | 69 | 277 | 260 | ||||
| Low (<7 kg) | 37 | −0.06 (−0.25, 0.13) | 35 | −0.04 (−0.24, 0.16) | 111 | 0.03 (−0.10, 0.41) | 103 | 0.04 (−0.04, 0.09) |
| High (≥7 kg) | 39 | 0.20 (0.01, 0.39) | 39 | 0.19 (−0.008, 0.38) | 111 | 0.02 (−0.03, 0.08) | 105 | 0.03 (−0.03, 0.10) |
a
Minimally adjusted for sex and language of survey.
b
Fully adjusted for sex, language of survey, health insurance, parent/guardian education, and exposure to environmental smoking.
c
Low and high categories split at the median for those with pesticide exposures greater than 0 within a 400-m radius of the residence. None indicates no pesticide applications were applied within a 400-m radius of the child’s residence. Generalized linear models, with Gaussian distribution, identity link function, and sandwiched errors.