Table 4.

Subgroup analyses for the relationship of coffee and caffeine intake with ASMBMI.

Subgroups	Coffeea [β (95% CI) P-value]	P b	Caffeinated coffeea [β (95% CI) P-value]	P b	Caffeinea [β (95% CI) P-value]	P b
Age (years)		0.526		0.659		0.519
20–40	0.01 (−0.00, 0.02) 0.149		0.01 (−0.00, 0.02) 0.150		0.01 (−0.01, 0.04) 0.213
40–59	0.01 (0.01, 0.02) < 0.001		0.01 (0.00, 0.02) 0.002		0.02 (0.01, 0.04) 0.003
Gender		0.147		0.079		0.110
Male	0.01 (0.00, 0.02) 0.010		0.01 (0.00, 0.01) 0.041		0.02 (−0.00, 0.03) 0.059
Female	0.02 (0.01, 0.03) < 0.001		0.02 (0.01, 0.03) < 0.001		0.04 (0.02, 0.06) < 0.001
Race		0.765		0.633		0.895
American Mexican	0.01 (−0.02, 0.04) 0.699		0.00 (−0.03, 0.03) 0.931		0.01 (−0.05, 0.08) 0.713
Non-Hispanic White	0.01 (0.01, 0.02) < 0.001		0.01 (0.00, 0.02) 0.002		0.02 (0.01, 0.04) 0.002
Non-Hispanic Black	0.00 (−0.03, 0.03) 0.931		0.00 (−0.03, 0.03) 0.980		0.01 (−0.06, 0.07) 0.880
Others	0.02 (0.01, 0.03) 0.004		0.02 (0.01, 0.03) 0.003		0.03 (0.00, 0.06) 0.024
BMI (kg/m 2 )		0.001		< 0.001		0.003
< 25	0.03 (0.02, 0.04) < 0.001		0.02 (0.01, 0.03) < 0.001		0.05 (0.03, 0.07) < 0.001
25–30	0.01 (0.01, 0.02) 0.001		0.01 (0.01, 0.02) 0.001		0.03 (0.01, 0.05) 0.002
≥30	0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) 0.906		−0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) 0.741		−0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) 0.815

^aThe unit of measure is divided by 1,000 from the original.

^bP for interaction.

All covariates were adjusted. BMI, body mass index.