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. 2024 May 24;46(5):4689–4706. doi: 10.1007/s11357-024-01207-y

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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to American Aging Association 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

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Fig. 1 — Drugs that increase stress resistance in mouse fibroblasts also increase Fmo4 and Fmo5 transcript levels. A–D Changes in expression of Fmo4 and Fmo5 mRNA in mouse fibroblasts from UM-HET3 mice treated with 4 μM of the indicated drugs compared to DMSO control. Fmo4 or Fmo5 mRNA levels were measured by qRT-PCR. Horizontal lines represent the mean, and error bars represent SD. Drugs that increase both Fmo4 and Fmo5 mRNA levels are shown in red in A and C. The x-axis values, shown on a log2 scale in B and D, represent the change of mRNA levels. The y-axis values, shown on a − log10 scale in B and D, represent the P-values. Drugs that affect the mRNA levels of Fmo4 or Fmo5 significantly are shown in red in B and D. E Drugs that co-regulate mRNA levels of Fmo4 and Fmo5 are shown by a scatter plot on a log2 scale fold change. Drugs that significantly increase both Fmo4 and Fmo5 mRNA levels are shown in red in the second quadrant. F Diagram showing that bioactive compounds increase stress resistance and induce Fmo4 and Fmo5 levels in mouse fibroblasts and will be tested for fmo-2 induction and lifespan extension in C. elegans. All drugs shown have P < 0.05 when compared to control (Welch two-sample t-test, two-sided)