Table 3.
The effects of biologically active compounds on the intestinal microbiome.
| Author | Subject of Study | biologically active compounds | Intervention | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ting Wang et al., 2020 (Wang et al., 2020) | Female SD rats (6weeks, 193 ± 10g | Omega-3 fatty acids | 1mg/kg/day of flaxseed oil by gavage for 8 weeks | ↑Allobaculum, ↑Lactobacillus, ↑Butyrivibrio, ↑Desulfovibrio, ↑Bifidobacterium, ↑Faecalibacterium, ↑Parabacteroides ↓Actinobacteria, ↓Bacteroides, ↓Proteobacteria, ↓Streptococcus, ↓Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio |
| Kåre Steinar Tveit et al., 2020 (Tveit et al., 2020) | Psoriasis patients n = 64. Randomized PASI < 10 53% of subjects used local anti-psoriatic maintenance treatment |
Omega-3 fatty acids | Herring roe oil (containing 292 mg of polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3), Daily dose: 2,6 g EPA and DHA |
↓PASI score No difference in inflammatory markers |
| Amrita Vijay et al., 2021 (Vijay et al., 2021) | Healthy subjects n = 69 Randomized No previous treatment |
Omega-3 fatty acids | Daily dose of 500 mg of omega 3 (165 mg EPA, 110 mg DHA) | ↑iso-valerate ↑iso-butyrate ↑ Coprococcus ↑ Bacteroides ↓Colinsella. |
| Ting-Ting Cai et al., 2020 (Cai et al., 2020) | Male C57BL/KsJ diabetic db/db mice | Resveratrol | Oral administration of 10 mg/kg/day resveratrol for 12 weeks |
↑Bacteroides, ↑Alistipes, ↑Rikenella, ↑Odoribacter, ↑Parabacteroides, ↑Alloprevotella |
| Pan Wang et al., 2020 (Wang et al., 2020) | High-fat diet-fed mice | Resveratrol | 300 mg/kg/day resveratrol for 16 weeks | ↑Lachnospiraceae family |
| Alharris E et al., 2022 (Alharris et al., 2022) | Female BALB/c mice(6-8weeks) | Resveratrol | 200µl carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solution containing RES (100mg/kg) for 2 weeks | ↑ Bacteroidetes ↓Firmicutes ↑Bacteroidales order,Bacteroides acidifaciens species ↑ SCFA, butyric acid, |
| Li Z et al., 2022 (Li et al., 2022) | Adult Sprague Dawley Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) rats | Resveratrol | oral administration of resveratrol (RSV)(60 mg/(kg/d) (750 mg RSV+2 ml DMSO+98 ml NS)) | ↓the richness and diversity of gut bacteria ↑Actinobacteria, Synergistetes, and Chloroflexi; Resveratrol can reverse the increase of Ruminiclostridium and Bilophila and the decrease of Actinobacteria |
| Lijun Zhao et al., 2021 (Zhao et al., 2021) | Monosodium glutamate-induced abdominal obese mice | Quercetin | 5 mg/kg quercetin dissolved in 0.15% carboxymethylcellulose sodium, administrated by gavage for 6 weeks | ↓Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio ↓Firmicutes ↓Bacteroides spp. ↓Lachnospiraceae spp., ↓Ruminicoccaceae spp. |
| Su L et al., 2022 (Su et al., 2022). | C57BL/6J mice (male, four weeks old, weight 20–22 g) | Quercetin | quercetin (95% purity)(50 mg per kg BW per day) | improved intestinal epithelial barrier damage, and reduced intestinal permeability; ↑Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio ↑Coprococcus_1, Akkermansia, Lactococcus, Allobaculum ↓Adlercreutzia |
↓—decreased; ↑—increased;.