Table 4.

Frequency of symptoms observed after potential drug–drug interactions involving high-alert medications

Symptom	Frequency of symptoms, n	Frequency related to total of symptoms, % (N = 3203)	Frequency of patients affected by the respective symptom after a pDDI involving HAM, n (%) (N = 256 patients receiving HAM)
Increased heart rate	781	24.4	62 (24.2)
Hyponatremia	390	12.2	52 (20.3)
Vomiting	262	8.2	41 (16.0)
Hypokalemia	243	7.6	18 (7.0)
Decreased blood pressure	237	7.4	28 (10.9)
Respiratory depression	164	5.1	24 (9.4)
Urinary retention	137	4.3	29 (11.3)
Hyperkalemia	131	4.1	43 (16.8)
Edema	128	4.0	13 (5.1)
Nausea	119	3.7	24 (9.4)
Agitation	118	3.7	21 (8.2)
Decreased diuresis	112	3.5	23 (9.0)
Decreased heart rate	96	3.0	10 (3.9)
Hypomagnesemia	57	1.8	14 (5.5)
Sweating	46	1.4	9 (3.5)
Hypocalcemia	43	1.3	12 (4.7)
Increased blood pressure	43	1.3	12 (4.7)
Fever	19	0.6	12 (4.7)
Dyspnea	14	0.4	7 (2.7)
Seizures	14	0.4	5 (2.0)
Constipation	10	0.3	4 (1.6)
Diarrhea	9	0.3	2 (0.8)
Dizziness	8	0.2	3 (1.2)
Abdominal pain	5	0.2	3 (1.2)
Sedation	4	0.1	1 (0.4)
Excessive diuresis	3	0.1	2 (0.8)
Hypercalcemia	3	0.1	2 (0.8)
Increased PTH	3	0.1	1 (0.4)
Exanthema	2	0.1	2 (0.8)
Tachypnea	2	0.1	2 (0.8)

HAM high-alert medication, pDDI potential drug–drug interaction, PTH parathyroid hormone