Table 1.
Sample characteristics.
| Variable | Depressed Youth | Healthy Controls | Statistic |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 79) | (n = 36) | ||
| Age: M ± SD[Range] |
14.96 ± 1.66 [11.30 ~ 17.80] |
14.52 ± 1.54 [12.00 ~ 16.90] |
t(113) = 1.35 |
| Gender | χ2(1) = 4.68* | ||
| Male | 27 (34.2%) | 20 (55.6%) | |
| Female | 52 (65.8%) | 16 (44.4%) | |
| Race/Ethnicity: | χ2(6) = 8.73 | ||
| White | 45 (57.0%) | 27 (75.0%) | |
| African American | 8 (10.1%) | 1 (2.8%) | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 8 (10.1%) | 1 (2.8%) | |
| Native American | 1 (1.3%) | 0 | |
| Asian | 2 (2.5%) | 3 (8.3%) | |
| Multi-racial | 12 (15.2%) | 4 (11.1%) | |
| Others | 3 (3.8%) | 0 | |
| Puberty: Late State/Completed | 69 (87.3%) | 28 (77.8%) | χ2(1) = 1.71 |
| Annual Household Income: | χ2(4) = 11.73* | ||
| <$24,999 | 19 (24.1%) | 2 (5.6%) | |
| $25,000 ~ 49,999 | 21 (26.6%) | 5 (13.9%) | |
| $50,000 ~ 99,999 | 19 (24.1%) | 14 (38.9%) | |
| $100,000 ~ 149,999 | 12 (15.2%) | 11 (30.6%) | |
| ＞$150,000 | 5 (6.3%) | 4 (11.1%) | |
| Parent Marital Status | χ2(4) = 6.09 | ||
| Married | 44 (55.7%) | 29 (80.6%) | |
| Living with Partner | 8 (10.1%) | 2 (5.6%) | |
| Separated/Divorced | 13 (16.5%) | 3 (8.3%) | |
| Singer/Never Married | 11 (13.9%) | 2 (5.6%) | |
| Widowed | 1 (1.3%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Depression Diagnosis | |||
| Major Depressive Disorder | 55 (69.6%) | N/A | |
| Dysthymia | 3 (3.8%) | N/A | |
| Depressive Disorder-NOS | 21 (26.6%) | N/A | |
| Comorbid Anxiety | 57 (72.2%) | N/A | |
| Medication Use: (non-exclusive) | |||
| Antidepressant | 34 (43.0%) | N/A | |
| Antipsychotic | 6 (7.6%) | N/A | |
| Mood Stabilizing | 1 (1.3%) | N/A | |
| Stimulant | 10 (12.7%) | N/A | |
| Anxiolytic | 6 (7.6%) | N/A | |
| Any Medication Use | 41 (51.9%) | 2 (5.6%) | χ2(1) = 22.69*** |
| Suicide ideation (averaged standardized scores): M ± SD[Range] |
0.39 ± 0.85 [−0.95 ~ 2] |
−0.86 ± 0.10 [−0.95 ~ −0.63] |
t(113) = 12.97*** |
| Depression severity: M ± SD[Range] |
63.47 ± 14.63 [24 ~ 93] |
20.33 ± 5.83 [17 ~ 44] |
t(113) = 22.57*** |
| Self-compassion: M ± SD[Range] |
6.82 ± 4.44 [0 ~ 16] |
13.25 ± 3.42 [3 ~ 16] |
t(113) = -8.49*** |
M mean, SD standard deviation.
*p < .05, ***p < 0.001.
Significant results are shown in bold.