. 2024 May 24;46(5):4671–4688. doi: 10.1007/s11357-024-01204-1

Table 1.

Study selection and exclusion criteria

Selection criteria
(1) Men and women who were between 65 and 75 years old when consent was obtained (2) Subjects who received a full explanation of the study, were able to understand its contents, and were able to give their written consent
Exclusion criteria
(1) Subjects who were consuming foods that could affect the study, including specified health foods, functional foods, or general health foods (including supplements), at least three times a week and an inability to discontinue consumption of the foods at the time consent was obtained (2) Subjects who were taking drugs that could affect the test (e.g., anabolic proteins, peptide hormones, growth factors, beta2 agonists, hormone modulators, and metabolic modulators listed in the International Standard of the World Anti-Doping Code 2022 Prohibition Table) at least three times a week and who could not limit use during the study period (3) Subjects who had a daily exercise habit of moderate intensity or higher for resistance exercise and high intensity or higher for other exercise (4) Heavy alcohol use (5) Subjects who had sustained severe injuries to their locomotory organs (e.g., broken bones, ruptured tendons, or separated muscles) within the previous year (6) Subjects with motor dysfunction (7) Subjects using implanted medical electronic devices such as pacemakers (8) Subjects who had been stopped from exercising by a physician (9) Subjects with a history or current history of serious diseases of the heart, liver, kidney, lungs, digestive organs, blood, endocrine system, nervous system, and metabolic system (10) Subjects who were allergic to medicines and food (11) Subjects who were currently participating in a clinical trial of another drug or health food or who were scheduled to participate in another clinical trial within 4 weeks of trial completion or after consent to participate in such a trial (12) Subjects who had donated component blood or 200 mL of whole blood in the month prior to the start of the relevant test (13) Men who had donated 400 mL of whole blood during the 3 months prior to the start of the study (14) Women who had donated 400 mL of whole blood during the 4 months prior to the start of the study (15) Men who had a blood collection volume during the 12 months prior to the start of the study plus a total planned blood collection volume for the study that exceeded 1200 mL (16) Women who had a blood collection volume during the 12 months prior to the start of the study plus a total planned blood collection volume for the study that exceeded 800 mL (17) Subjects whose participation in the study was deemed inappropriate by the investigator or sub-investigator

Selection criteria

(1) Men and women who were between 65 and 75 years old when consent was obtained

(2) Subjects who received a full explanation of the study, were able to understand its contents, and were able to give their written consent

Exclusion criteria

(1) Subjects who were consuming foods that could affect the study, including specified health foods, functional foods, or general health foods (including supplements), at least three times a week and an inability to discontinue consumption of the foods at the time consent was obtained

(2) Subjects who were taking drugs that could affect the test (e.g., anabolic proteins, peptide hormones, growth factors, beta2 agonists, hormone modulators, and metabolic modulators listed in the International Standard of the World Anti-Doping Code 2022 Prohibition Table) at least three times a week and who could not limit use during the study period

(3) Subjects who had a daily exercise habit of moderate intensity or higher for resistance exercise and high intensity or higher for other exercise

(4) Heavy alcohol use

(5) Subjects who had sustained severe injuries to their locomotory organs (e.g., broken bones, ruptured tendons, or separated muscles) within the previous year

(6) Subjects with motor dysfunction

(7) Subjects using implanted medical electronic devices such as pacemakers

(8) Subjects who had been stopped from exercising by a physician

(9) Subjects with a history or current history of serious diseases of the heart, liver, kidney, lungs, digestive organs, blood, endocrine system, nervous system, and metabolic system

(10) Subjects who were allergic to medicines and food

(11) Subjects who were currently participating in a clinical trial of another drug or health food or who were scheduled to participate in another clinical trial within 4 weeks of trial completion or after consent to participate in such a trial

(12) Subjects who had donated component blood or 200 mL of whole blood in the month prior to the start of the relevant test

(13) Men who had donated 400 mL of whole blood during the 3 months prior to the start of the study

(14) Women who had donated 400 mL of whole blood during the 4 months prior to the start of the study

(15) Men who had a blood collection volume during the 12 months prior to the start of the study plus a total planned blood collection volume for the study that exceeded 1200 mL

(16) Women who had a blood collection volume during the 12 months prior to the start of the study plus a total planned blood collection volume for the study that exceeded 800 mL

(17) Subjects whose participation in the study was deemed inappropriate by the investigator or sub-investigator