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. 2024 Aug 3;10(15):e35525. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35525

Table 3.

Comparison of scale scores in terms of demographic data.

PSS
Test Sta. p HFS
Test Statistics p
Mean ± sd Mean (min-max) Mean ± sd Mean (min-max)
Parent's sex
 Female 3.26 ± 1.2 3.6 (1–5) t = 2.573 0.011 61.42 ± 15.52 59 (17–85) t = 0.652 0.516
 Male 2.65 ± 1.28 2.8 (1–5) 59.42 ± 16.22 57.5 (21–85)
Educational status
 Elementary 3.23 ± 1.19b 3.6 (1–5) F = 4.476 0.009 63.11 ± 13.89b 61.5 (21–85) F = 2.828 0.042
 Secondary 3.18 ± 1.3ab 3.4 (1–5) 61.87 ± 17.49b 58 (17–85)
 High school 2.64 ± 1.43ab 2.8 (1–5) 56.78 ± 17.19ab 54 (21–85)
 University 2.5 ± 0.37a 2.5 (2–3) 46.33 ± 10.63a 47.5 (34–62)
Type of family
 Nuclear 3.16 ± 1.26 3.5 (1–5) t = 1.184 0.239 61.83 ± 16.09 61 (17–85) t = 1.067 0.288
 Extended 2.88 ± 1.25 2.8 (1–5) 58.59 ± 14.79 58 (21–85)
Place of residence
 Urban 2.82 ± 1.22 2.8 (1–5) t = −2.633 0.010 58.34 ± 15.86 56 (21–85) t = −2.023 0.045
 Rural 3.41 ± 1.23 3.8 (1–5) 64.06 ± 15.04 63 (17–85)
Employment status
 Employed 2.73 ± 1.21 2.7 (1–5) t = −1.842 0.068 55.47 ± 15.2 54 (21–85) t = −2.272 0.025
 Unemployed 3.2 ± 1.25 3.4 (1–5) 62.68 ± 15.52 61 (17–85)
Sex of the child
 Female 3.29 ± 1.12 3.4 (1–5) t = 1.873 0.064 60.4 ± 14.68 57.5 (17–85) t = −0.271 0.787
 Male 2.88 ± 1.34 3.2 (1–5) 61.17 ± 16.67 61 (21–85)
Total years the child has been epilepsy patient
 1–3 Years 2.73 ± 1.18a 2.6 (1–5) F = 3.732 0.027 60.63 ± 14.82 59 (21–85) F = 0.069 0.934
 3–5 Years 3.15 ± 1.35ab 3.5 (1–5) 61.61 ± 19.12 63 (17–85)
 >5 Years 3.46 ± 1.15b 3.7 (1–5) 60.19 ± 13.07 57 (35–85)
Seizure frequency of the child
 No seizures 3.13 ± 1.37 3.4 (1–5) F = 0.647 0.529 61.51 ± 17.64 57.5 (17–85) F = 0.141 0.869
 Once a month 2.9 ± 1.15 2.8 (1–5) 59.92 ± 13.4 61.5 (21–85)
 A few times a month 3.23 ± 0.93 3.6 (1.4–4.2) 60.43 ± 10.62 58.5 (41–84)
Faith can heal epilepsy
 No 2.75 ± 1.41 3.2 (1–5) t = −1.678 0.096 58.06 ± 17.9 53 (21–85) t = −1.125 0.263
 Yes 3.18 ± 1.19 3.4 (1–5) 61.73 ± 14.89 61 (17–85)
Do you tell people about your child's disease
 Undecided 2.62 ± 1.32a 2.5 (1–5) F = 10.018 <0.001 62.7 ± 13.12 57.5 (47–85) F = 2.97 0.055
 I usually tell 2.69 ± 1.14a 2.6 (1–5) 57.52 ± 14.52 57 (21–85)
 I usually do not tell 3.64 ± 1.19b 4.2 (1–5) 64.56 ± 16.93 63 (17–85)

t: Independent Samples t-test: F: One-way Analysis of Variance; Mean ± Standard Deviation; Median (minimum - maximum); a-b: There is no difference between groups with the same letter.