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. 2024 Aug 3;10(15):e35699. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35699

Table 1.

Sampling sites and main physical and chemical characteristics of the considered soils.

OR CR UN GI CA
Site Palermo Orleans Bari CREA Palermo Campus UNIPA Taranto Ginosa Taranto Castellaneta
Latitude, Longitude 38.107208N 13.349832 E 41.110366N 16.877836 E 38.107184N
13.351942E
40.461383N
16.84105 E
40.51246N
16.886826 E
Land use Grass lawn Fallow Citrus orchard Vineyard Citrus orchard
Clay, Cl (%) 30 17 18 16 6
Silt, Si (%) 34 40 30 13 21
Sand, Sa (%) 36 43 52 71 73
Texture USDA clay loam loam sandy loam sandy loam sandy loam
Texture group fine intermediate coarse coarse coarse
Organic Matter, OM (%) 3.65 4.57 6.15 1.55 0.60
pH 7.69 7.53 7.99 7.90 7.35
EC (dS m−1) 0.29 0.42 0.34 0.13 0.20
CEC (cmol kg−1) 28.7 11.76 25.31 6.14 5.40
N (%) 0.21 0.24 0.32 0.099 0.029
C (%) 2.12 2.65 3.57 0.90 0.35
C/N ratio 10.10 11.04 11.16 9.09 12.07
WRB classification [51] Chromic Cambisol (Loamic) Chromic Cambisol (Loamic) Terric Chromic Cambisol (Loamic) Chromic Cambisol (Loamic) Terric Chromic Cambisol (Loamic)