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. 2024 Aug 6;10(15):e35636. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35636

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

A schematic diagram of the animal model and experimental design. C: the control group; D is the diabetic group; NF: oral nano-formula (INS-CsNBs-PD); FO: oral free insulin; NB is oral nano-formula (Nanobeads Blank Control); Sc: is subcutaneous insulin.