Table 2. Sociodemographic characteristics of transgender women and travestis participating in the TransOdara study, according to cities of study. December 2019–July 2021.
| Characteristics/sites | Research sites and Brazil | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Campo Grande (n=180) |
Manaus (n=333) |
Porto Alegre (n=191) |
Salvador (n=207) |
São Paulo (n=406) |
Total (n=1,317) |
|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Sociodemographic data | ||||||
| Gender identity | ||||||
| Woman | 12 (6.8) | 4 (1.2) | 21 (11) | 22 (11) | 39 (9.6) | 98 (7.4) |
| Transsexual woman | 78 (43) | 172 (52) | 96 (50) | 130 (63) | 265 (65) | 741 (56) |
| Travesti | 59 (32.8) | 150 (45) | 48 (25) | 40 (19) | 96 (24) | 393 (30) |
| Transsexual | 9 (5.0) | 0 (0) | 18 (9.4) | 7 (3.4) | 4 (1.0) | 38 (2.9) |
| Other | 22 (12.4) | 7 (2.1) | 8 (4.2) | 8 (3.9) | 2 (0.5) | 47 (3.7) |
| Tried to change name | ||||||
| I didn’t feel the need | 33 (24) | 208 (68) | 20 (19) | 46 (30) | 46 (20) | 353 (38) |
| I didn’t know I had a right | 1 (0.7) | 30 (9.8) | 3 (2.8) | 6 (3.9) | 4 (1.7) | 44 (4.7) |
| I didn’t know how to do it | 6 (4.4) | 29 (9.5) | 16 (15) | 13 (8.6) | 13 (5.7) | 77 (8.3) |
| I thought it was too expensive | 12 (8.8) | 8 (2.6) | 9 (8.3) | 6 (3.9) | 41 (18) | 76 (8.2) |
| I thought it was too complicated | 11 (8.1) | 11 (3.6) | 13 (12) | 35 (23) | 50 (22) | 120 (13) |
| Other reasons/did not answer | 73 (54) | 19 (6.2) | 47 (44) | 46 (30) | 76 (33) | 261 (28) |
| Race/skin colour | ||||||
| White | 55 (32) | 60 (18) | 91 (48) | 22 (11) | 108 (27) | 336 (26) |
| Black | 38 (22) | 52 (16) | 60 (31) | 107 (52) | 92 (23) | 349 (27) |
| Yellow | 2 (1.2) | 12 (3.6) | 3 (1.6) | 4 (1.9) | 5 (1.2) | 26 (2.0) |
| Brown (parda) | 1 (0.6) | 8 (2.4) | 1 (0.5) | 2 (1.0) | 7 (1.7) | 19 (1.5) |
| Indigenous | 76 (44) | 199 (60) | 36 (19) | 72 (35) | 192 (47) | 575 (44) |
| Religion | ||||||
| No religion | 70 (40) | 100 (30) | 62 (33) | 92 (44) | 151 (37) | 475 (36) |
| Afro-Brazilian | 24 (14) | 37 (11) | 83 (44) | 73 (35) | 69 (17) | 286 (22) |
| Evangelical | 18 (10) | 33 (9.9) | 7 (3.7) | 6 (2.9) | 52 (13) | 116 (8.8) |
| Catholic | 49 (28) | 149 (45) | 26 (14) | 31 (15) | 91 (22) | 346 (26) |
| Spiritist | 14 (8.0) | 12 (3.6) | 10 (5.3) | 4 (1.9) | 35 (8.6) | 75 (5.7) |
| Jewish | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.5) | 2 (0.2) |
| Eastern | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.3) | 2 (1.1) | 1 (0.5) | 4 (1.0) | 9 (0.7) |
| Highest educational level | ||||||
| Up to elementary school | 48 (27) | 76 (23) | 52 (27) | 55 (27) | 97 (24) | 328 (25) |
| Up to high school and technical course | 95 (53) | 201 (61) | 97 (51) | 117 (57) | 253 (62) | 763 (58) |
| Higher education and Postgraduate studies | 35 (20) | 55 (17) | 42 (22) | 34 (16) | 56 (14) | 222 (17) |
| Living conditions | ||||||
| Lives in own house/apartment | 44 (25) | 50 (15) | 63 (33) | 71 (34) | 115 (28) | 343 (26) |
| Lives in a rented house or apartment | 60 (34) | 82 (25) | 65 (34) | 94 (45) | 179 (44) | 480 (36) |
| Lives provisionally with family/friend/on the street | 61 (34) | 171 (51) | 52 (27) | 31 (15) | 52 (13) | 367 (28) |
| Sexual orientation | ||||||
| Heterosexual | 106 (59) | 288 (87) | 127 (66) | 168 (81) | 347 (85) | 1,036 (79) |
| Homosexual, gay, or lesbian | 34 (19) | 23 (6.9) | 17 (8.9) | 7 (3.4) | 16 (3.9) | 97 (7.4) |
| Bisexual | 20 (11) | 15 (4.5) | 17 (8.9) | 10 (4.8) | 23 (5.7) | 85 (6.5) |
| Pansexual | 15 (8.4) | 5 (1.5) | 26 (14) | 19 (9.2) | 16 (3.9) | 81 (6.2) |
| Asexual | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.2) | 3 (0.2) |
| Main occupation | ||||||
| Not currently working/unemployed | 27 (15) | 113 (34) | 49 (26) | 36 (17) | 69 (17) | 294 (22) |
| Employee with a work permit | 9 (5.0) | 15 (4.5) | 16 (8.4) | 10 (4.8) | 61 (15) | 111 (8.4) |
| Employee without a work permit | 23 (13) | 56 (17) | 10 (5.2) | 21 (10) | 40 (9.9) | 150 (11) |
| Self-employed | 19 (11) | 39 (12) | 45 (24) | 55 (27) | 54 (13) | 212 (16) |
| Sporadic jobs/odd jobs | 5 (2.8) | 37 (11) | 7 (3.7) | 22 (11) | 39 (9.6) | 110 (8.4) |
| Sex worker | 54 (30) | 42 (13) | 38 (20) | 57 (28) | 89 (22) | 280 (21) |
| Other | 42 (23) | 30 (9.0) | 26 (14) | 6 (2.9) | 54 (13) | 158 (12) |
| Monthly income | ||||||
| Mean | 1939.8 | 1228 | 1264.6 | 1564.8 | 1569.8 | 1499.3 |
| Standard deviation | 1840.3 | 2772.8 | 1306.1 | 1480.5 | 3943.1 | 2810.8 |
| Income in Brazilian minimum wages | ||||||
| Up to 1 | 61 (36) | 183 (69) | 97 (53) | 125 (66) | 216 (55) | 682 (57) |
| 1–2 | 66 (39) | 61 (23) | 50 (27) | 41 (22) | 129 (33) | 347 (29) |
| 2–3 | 18 (11) | 9 (3.4) | 21 (12) | 11 (5.8) | 31 (7.9) | 90 (7.5) |
| 4+ | 24 (14) | 11 (4.2) | 14 (7.7) | 12 (6.3) | 17 (4.3) | 78 (6.5) |
| Body change | ||||||
| Used hormones | ||||||
| No | 37 (21) | 78 (23) | 31 (16) | 17 (8.2) | 20 (4.9) | 183 (14) |
| Yes | 142 (79) | 253 (76) | 160 (84) | 190 (92) | 386 (95) | 1,131 (86) |
| Current use of hormones | ||||||
| No | 87 (61) | 159 (63) | 82 (51) | 77 (41) | 186 (48) | 591 (52) |
| Yes | 55 (39) | 93 (37) | 77 (48) | 113 (59) | 198 (52) | 536 (48) |
| Has injected industrial silicone | ||||||
| No | 117 (65) | 293 (89) | 141 (74) | 152 (73) | 248 (61) | 951 (72) |
| Yes | 62 (35) | 35 (11) | 50 (26) | 53 (26) | 158 (39) | 358 (27) |
| Had some surgery for body change | ||||||
| No | 139 (78) | 315 (95) | 97 (51) | 165 (80) | 234 (58) | 950 (72) |
| Yes | 40 (22) | 14 (4.2) | 93 (49) | 40 (19) | 172 (42) | 359 (27) |
| Had genital surgery | ||||||
| No | 179 (100) | 327 (98) | 186 (97) | 205 (99) | 393 (97) | 1,290 (98) |
| Yes | 0 (0) | 2 (0.6) | 5 (2.6) | 2 (1.0) | 13 (3.2) | 22 (1.7) |
| Was discriminated against | ||||||
| No | 33 (18) | 50 (15) | 23 (12) | 36 (17) | 48 (12) | 190 (14) |
| Yes | 146 (82) | 281 (84) | 168 (88) | 171 (83) | 354 (88) | 1,120 (85) |
| Suffered some aggression | ||||||
| No | 91 (51) | 197 (60) | 82 (43) | 110 (53) | 202 (50) | 682 (52) |
| Yes | 87 (49) | 128 (39) | 109 (57) | 96 (46) | 202 (50) | 622 (48) |
| Was forced to have sex | ||||||
| No | 97 (54) | 175 (53) | 87 (46) | 90 (43) | 193 (48) | 642 (49) |
| Yes | 82 (46) | 153 (47) | 103 (54) | 116 (56) | 213 (52) | 667 (51) |
| Sexual behavior | ||||||
| Had a stable partner in the past 6 months | ||||||
| No | 90 (51) | 229 (69) | 83 (43) | 86 (42) | 184 (45) | 672 (51) |
| Yes | 88 (49) | 102 (31) | 108 (57) | 120 (58) | 222 (55) | 640 (49) |
| Had a casual partner in the past 6 months | ||||||
| No | 93 (52) | 225 (68) | 76 (40) | 101 (49) | 233 (58) | 728 (55.6) |
| Yes | 86 (48) | 104 (31) | 114 (60) | 106 (51) | 169 (42) | 579 (44) |
| Had a commercial partner in the past 6 months | ||||||
| No | 89 (50) | 255 (77) | 88 (46) | 107 (52) | 246 (61) | 785 (60) |
| Yes | 90 (50) | 75 (23) | 101 (53) | 99 (48) | 158 (39) | 523 (40) |