Table 1.
Results of the ridge regression at optimal values of lambda (adjusted for age, gender and ethnicity, and all measures of SEP)
| OR | 95%CI | |
|---|---|---|
| Tenure | ||
| Owns home | 1 | |
| Does not own home | 1.97* | 1.97 to 1.98 |
| Employment | ||
| In full time work | 1 | |
| Not in full time work | 1.02* | 1.02 to 1.03 |
| Income | ||
| Quartile 1 (£50,000+) | 1 | |
| Quartile 2 (£25,000 to £49,999) | 1.01* | 1.00 to 1.01 |
| Quartile 3 (£13,500 to £24,999) | 1.10* | 1.09 to 1.10 |
| Quartile 4 (up to £13,499) | 1.16* | 1.16 to 1.17 |
| Education | ||
| University | 1 | |
| A level and equivalent | 1.16* | 1.15 to 1.16 |
| GCSE/vocational | 1.49* | 1.48 to 1.49 |
| Other/still studying | 1.13* | 1.12 to 1.14 |
| No post 16 qual | 1.50* | 1.49 to 1.50 |
| Car ownership | ||
| Owns car | 1 | |
| Does not own car | 1.18* | 1.18 to 1.18 |
| Social-grade | ||
| AB | 1 | |
| C1 | 1.06* | 1.05 to 1.06 |
| C2 | 1.31* | 1.31 to 1.32 |
| D | 1.40* | 1.39 to 1.41 |
| E | 1.73* | 1.73 to 1.74 |
Note: standard errors for ridge regression are biased to allow accurate estimation of coefficients; significant at p<0.05