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. 2024 Aug 22;2024(8):CD001533. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001533.pub7

Anand 2013.

Study characteristics
Methods Study design
  • Parallel RCT

  • Time frame: not reported

  • Duration of follow‐up: 12 months

  • Country: India

  • Setting: single centre

Participants Study characteristics
  • Inclusion criteria: children with initial episode of SSNS

  • Exclusion criteria: not reported


Baseline characteristics
  • Number (analysed/randomised): 60 randomised (numbers per group not reported)

  • Age range: 1 to 12 years

  • Sex (M/F): not reported

Interventions Intervention group 1
  • Prednisolone: 4 weeks daily; then alternate‐day and tapered over 5 months. Daily dose not provided

  • Total dose: 126.5 mg/kg over 6 months

  • Total duration: 6 months


Intervention group 2
  • Prednisolone: 6 weeks daily then 6 weeks alternate days. Daily doses not provided

  • Total dose: 123.8 mg/kg over 3 months

  • Total duration: 3 months

Outcomes Outcomes relevant to this review
  • Relapse rate by 12 months: 20% (treatment group 1) vs 76.7% (treatment group 2)

  • Adverse effects

Notes Additional information
  • Abstract‐only publication: numbers of patients in each group not provided so data could not be included in the meta‐analysis

  • Funding source: not reported

Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Unclear risk Study described as randomised; method of randomisation not reported
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Unclear risk Insufficient information to permit judgement
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias)
All outcomes High risk Not blinded
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias)
All outcomes High risk Relapse defined by urinalysis done by family/staff
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)
All outcomes Unclear risk Insufficient information to permit judgement
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Unclear risk Insufficient information to permit judgement
Other bias Unclear risk Insufficient information to permit judgement