. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Aug 15.

Published in final edited form as: IEEE Sens J. 2024 Jul 16;24(16):26564–26573. doi: 10.1109/jsen.2024.3423773

TABLE II.

Calculated Errors between estimated force values F* using pressure and resistance compared to actual force values.

set	ME (N)	MPE (%)	MAE (N)	RMSE (N)	R²	μ (N)	σ (N)
1	0.11	3.0	0.03	0.04	0.989	−0.008	0.046
2	0.24	1.7	0.06	0.08	0.976	−0.045	0.028
3	0.22	2.0	0.05	0.07	0.977	−0.038	0.023