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. 2024 Jun 14;69(8):2904–2915. doi: 10.1007/s10620-024-08520-8

Table 4.

Multiple regression* of clinical characteristics on Vitamin D Level in 137 patients with symptoms of gastroparesis but normal gastric emptying

Clinical Characteristic Comparison Cumulative Odds Ratio of decreasing
Vitamin D level
95% CI P-value
Age Per year 0.98 0.95, 1.00 0.04
BMI Per kg/m2 1.05 1.01, 1.09 0.01
HbA1c Per % 1.38 1.09, 1.75 0.008
Retching Per score 1.56 1.25, 1.96  < 0.001
Normogastria at baseline Per % 0.96 0.94, 0.99 0.006

*Multiple ordinal logistic regression model using backward stepwise selection (P > 0.05 for removal) regressing Vitamin D level categorization (0 = normal, 1 = insufficient, 2 = deficient) on 39 candidate variables including age, race, sex, ethnicity, summer, BMI, HbA1c, diabetes, GE at 1 h., GE at 2 h., GE at 4 h., nausea, retching, vomiting, stomach fullness, not able to finish meal, feeling excessively full, loss of appetite, bloating, stomach visibly larger and calcium, water load amount, following symptoms at baseline and change from baseline: fullness, hunger, nausea, bloating and abdominal discomfort, following GMA regions at baseline and change from baseline: bradygastria, normogastria, tachygastria, duodenal region