Table 3. The bivariate analysis.
| Variables | Frailty | Not frailty | p-value | OR | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 23 (11.9) | 170 (88.1) | 0.26 | 1.47 | 0.75 – 2.88 |
| Female | 16 (8.4) | 174 (91.6) | |||
| Age (years) | |||||
| ≥70 | 27 (17.1) | 131 (82.9) | <0.001 * | 3.66 | 1.79 – 7.47 |
| 60–69 | 12 (5.3) | 213 (94.7) | |||
| Education level | |||||
| Low | 34 (12.9) | 230 (87.1) | 0.009 * | 3.37 | 1.28 – 8.85 |
| High | 5 (4.2) | 114 (95.8) | |||
| Occupation status | |||||
| On retirement | 33 (17.2) | 159 (82.8) | <0.001 * | 6.40 | 2.61 – 15.67 |
| Still working | 6 (3.1) | 185 (96.9) | |||
| Financial dependence | |||||
| Dependent | 16 (48.5) | 17 (51.5) | <0.001 * | 13.38 | 5.99 – 29.87 |
| Independent | 23 (6.6) | 327 (93.4) | |||
| Need family caregiving | |||||
| Yes | 37 (9.9) | 335 (90.1) | 0.383 | 0.5 | 0.10 – 2.39 |
| No | 2 (18.2) | 9 (81.8) | |||
| Obstacles in accessing health services | |||||
| Yes | 15 (14.3) | 90 (85.7) | 0.106 | 1.76 | 0.89 – 3.51 |
| No | 24 (8.6) | 254 (91.4) | |||
| Number of comorbidities | |||||
| ≥2 | 11 (42.3) | 15 (57.7) | <0.001 * | 8.62 | 3.62 – 20.54 |
| <2 | 28 (7.8) | 329 (92.2) | |||
| History of COVID-19 | |||||
| Yes | 2 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) | 0.12 | 0.22 | 0.04 – 1.23 |
| No | 37 (9.8) | 340 (90.2) |
*
Significant with p-value <0.05.