Table 5.

Ileal nuclear receptor signaling after exposure of male $Ldl{r}^{-/-}$ mice to the PFAS mixture.

Gene name	Male vehicle RNA-seq counts ($\text{mean}\pm \text{SEM}$)	Male PFAS RNA-seq counts ($\text{mean}\pm \text{SEM}$)	Overall PFAS exposure (fold change)	Overall PFAS exposure ($p$-value)	Overall PFAS exposure (FDR-adjusted $q$-value)
Nuclear receptor signalinga
Nr1h4 (FXR)	$346.2\pm 20.0$	$501.5\pm 45.5$	1.48*	$<0.001$	$<0.001$*
mFgf15	$154.1\pm 27.7$	$104.7\pm 16.9$	0.74	0.12	0.68
Nr0b2 (SHP)	$2.8\pm 1.1$	$1.5\pm 0.8$	0.54	0.34	0.95
Nr1i2 (PXR)	$458.1\pm 36.9$	$505.8\pm 37.0$	1.14	0.04	0.48
Cyp3a11	$176.9\pm 29.1$	$138.6\pm 20.8$	0.82	0.25	0.88
Nr1i3 (CAR)	$1.1\pm 0.5$	$0.2\pm 0.1$	0.26	0.08	0.62
Cyp2b10	$90.7\pm 23.1$	$58.8\pm 7.9$	0.69	0.095	0.64
Nr1i1 (VDR)	$\mathrm{1,742.3}\pm 107.2$	$\mathrm{1,653.4}\pm 128.6$	0.97	0.57	1.0
Nfe2l2 (NRF2)	$\mathrm{1,161.8}\pm 90.2$	$969.9\pm 80.9$	0.86	0.02	0.31
Keap1	$466.5\pm 27.0$	$397.6\pm 25.5$	0.88	0.03	0.43
Gstm1	$221.1\pm 16.3$	$229.4\pm 23.5$	1.05	0.50	1.0
Hmox1	$6\pm 1.2$	$8.9\pm 1.7$	1.60	0.16	0.73
Ppar $\mathit{\alpha }$	$870.5\pm 49.0$	$623.9\pm 86.7$	0.72*	$<0.001$	0.01*
Fbp2	$\mathrm{1,531.8}\pm 115.3$	$\mathrm{1,490.8}\pm 177.9$	1.00	0.99	1.0
Hsd17b11	$\mathrm{2,540.9}\pm 172.9$	$\mathrm{1,825.1}\pm 136.4$	0.73*	$<0.001$	$<0.001$*
Ppar $\mathit{\gamma }$	$19\pm 2.9$	$26\pm 5.8$	1.32	0.21	0.84
Adipoq	$343.6\pm 36.2$	$438.9\pm 105.0$	1.28	0.14	0.71
Ppar$\mathit{\delta }$/$\mathit{\beta }$	$235.6\pm 18.9$	$341.7\pm 11.9$	1.52*	$<0.001$	$<0.001$*
Aspa	$643.6\pm 54.2$	$814.5\pm 36.3$	1.33*	$<0.001$	0.003*

Note: Statistical significance was determined by $t$-test using R statistical software (version 4.2.0; R Development Core Team). FDR, false discovery rate; Ldlr, low density lipoprotein receptor; PFAS, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances; RNA-seq, RNA sequencing; SEM, standard error of the mean. *Represents significant change relative to vehicle control ($q<0.05$).

^a $N=20$ total, $n=10$ male vehicle and $n=10$ male PFAS.