Fig. 6.

Scores for model validation tests performed and reported in the papers, supplemental information, or direct references for the 32 model-based economic evaluations. Notes: Papers applying the CORE Diabetes Model that referred to the study by McEwan et al. 2014 [64], scored ‘yes’ for cross-validation tests (2 and 10), comparing model outcomes with empirical data (12), testing with alternative input data (11), and other tests (13). This is because the model has undergone validation within the Mount Hood Diabetes Challenge Network. The same situation applies to the Sheffield model [56]. AdViSHE Assessment of the Validation Status of Health-Economic decision models, NA not applicable, NR not reported