Table 1.

Measured modulators and their role in patients with hyperinflammation

	Pro-inflammatory	Anti-inflammatory
Interleukins	IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10	IL-4, IL-5, IL-10
Interferon	Interferon-γ
Tumor-necrosis factor	TNF-α
Colony-stimulating factor		GM-CSF
Growth factor	VEGF	FGF-basic, PDGF
Chemokines	MCP-1, MIP-1, RANTES, IP-10
Soluble cell adhesion molecules	ICAM, VCAM

IL interleukin, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor alpha, GM-CSF granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor, FGF-basic fibroblast growth factor-basic, PDGF platelet-derived growth factor, MCP-1 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MIP-1 macrophage inflammatory protein-1, RANTES regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted, IP-10 interferon-gamma induced protein 10, ICAM intercellular adhesion molecule, VCAM vascular cell adhesion molecule