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. 2024 Aug 23;15:7279. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-51459-7

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — A FDR-thresholded Cohen’s d maps showing significant sex differences (females (n = 594) > males (n = 499)) in intracortical microstructure: T1w/T2w based intracortical profile mean, profile skewness, and the microstructural gradient. Red colors represent microstructural values higher for females, blue represent values higher for males. B 2D and 3D FDR thresholded Cohen’s d maps of the unfolded hippocampus showing significant differences in T1w/T2w mean between females (n = 500) and males (n = 367 male). C Boxplots represent Pearson’s r-values between unthresholded t-statistics resulting from two respective split-halves of the sample (n = 1000 permutations) comparing profile mean, profile skewness, and microstructural gradient between females and males, indicating the reliability of each measure. The median is shown as the central mark, the box indicates the 25th and 75th percentile; whiskers include all values not considered outliers (1.5*IQR from the quartile). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.