Table 1. Comparative analysis of baseline and tumour characteristics in relation to oncological parameters across cancer patient groups.
| GIC | HNC | UROC | CNS | BC | Overall | |||||||||||||
| PA/A≤1 (N=316) | PA/A>1 (N=44) | PA/A≤1 (N=392) | PA/A>1 (N=31) | PA/A≤1 (N=168) | PA/A>1 (N=30) | PA/A≤1 (N=43) | PA/A>1 (N=6) | PA/A≤1 (N=135) | PA/A>1 (N=19) | PA/A≤1 (N=1054) | PA/A>1 (N=130) | GIC P value | HNC P value | UROC P value | CNS P value | BC P value | Overall P value | |
| Age | ||||||||||||||||||
| Median (Q1, Q3) | 66 (58, 75) | 68 (61, 77) | 66 (59, 73) | 65 (54, 79) | 70 (63, 76) | 71 (61, 78) | 61 (53, 75) | 68 (49, 79) | 65 (57, 74) | 79 (64, 81) | 66 (58, 75) | 68 (58, 79) | 0.772 | 0.663 | 0.358 | 0.865 | 0.040 | 0.798 |
| Sex | ||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 228 (72.2%) | 26 (59.1%) | 291 (74.2%) | 17 (54.8%) | 134 (79.8%) | 14 (46.7%) | 19 (44.2%) | 2 (33.3%) | 1 (0.7%) | 0 (0%) | 673 (63.9%) | 59 (45.4%) | 0.109 | 0.033 | <0.001 | 0.950 | >0.999 | <0.001 |
| Female | 88 (27.8%) | 18 (40.9%) | 101 (25.8%) | 14 (45.2%) | 34 (20.2%) | 16 (53.3%) | 24 (55.8%) | 4 (66.7%) | 134 (99.3%) | 19 (100%) | 381 (36.1%) | 71 (54.6%) | ||||||
| Smoker | ||||||||||||||||||
| Never | 24 (7.6%) | 2 (4.5%) | 8 (2.0%) | 1 (3.2%) | 2 (1.2%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2.3%) | 1 (16.7%) | 9 (6.7%) | 4 (21.1%) | 44 (4.2%) | 8 (6.2%) | 0.745 | 0.656 | 0.195 | 0.526 | 0.458 | 0.188 |
| Former | 54 (17.1%) | 8 (18.2%) | 50 (12.8%) | 2 (6.5%) | 15 (8.9%) | 3 (10.0%) | 2 (4.7%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (3.7%) | 1 (5.3%) | 126 (12.0%) | 14 (10.8%) | ||||||
| Active | 37 (11.7%) | 4 (9.1%) | 72 (18.4%) | 4 (12.9%) | 16 (9.5%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (4.7%) | 1 (16.7%) | 9 (6.7%) | 1 (5.3%) | 136 (12.9%) | 10 (7.7%) | ||||||
| Missing | 201 (63.6%) | 30 (68.2%) | 262 (66.8%) | 24 (77.4%) | 135 (80.4%) | 27 (90.0%) | 38 (88.4%) | 4 (66.7%) | 112 (83.0%) | 13 (68.4%) | 748 (71.0%) | 98 (75.4%) | ||||||
| Pack-years | ||||||||||||||||||
| Median (Q1,Q3) | 20 (0, 39) | 40 (18, 56) | 40 (25, 50) | 35 (35, 60) | 21 (20, 39) | 40 (28, 45) | 10 (5.0, 18) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 28) | 0 (0, 0) | 26 (5.0, 45) | 33 (0.25, 48) | 0.066 | 0.961 | 0.515 | N/A | 0.172 | 0.704 |
| Missing | 226 (71.5%) | 28 (63.6%) | 312 (79.6%) | 26 (83.9%) | 146 (86.9%) | 27 (90.0%) | 40 (93.0%) | 5 (83.3%) | 120 (88.9%) | 14 (73.7%) | 844 (80.1%) | 100 (76.9%) | ||||||
| BNP | ||||||||||||||||||
| Median (Q1,Q3) | 120 (57, 260) | 420 (230, 810) | 69 (34, 200) | 320 (36, 1600) | 250 (48, 870) | 220 (130, 520) | 74 (73, 74) | N/A | 77 (30, 270) | 380 (280, 1600) | 93 (37, 260) | 320 (140, 870) | 0.171 | 0.259 | 0.743 | N/A | 0.341 | 0.042 |
| Missing | 278 (88.0%) | 32 (72.7%) | 356 (90.8%) | 26 (83.9%) | 153 (91.1%) | 26 (86.7%) | 41 (95.3%) | 6 (100%) | 123 (91.1%) | 15 (78.9%) | 951 (90.2%) | 105 (80.8%) | ||||||
| ECOG | ||||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 85 (26.9%) | 6 (13.6%) | 115 (29.3%) | 9 (29.0%) | 12 (7.1%) | 2 (6.7%) | 7 (16.3%) | 1 (16.7%) | 84 (62.2%) | 6 (31.6%) | 303 (28.7%) | 24 (18.5%) | 0.001 | 0.151 | 0.007 | 0.173 | 0.057 | <0.001 |
| 1 | 139 (44.0%) | 12 (27.3%) | 159 (40.6%) | 7 (22.6%) | 95 (56.5%) | 8 (26.7%) | 8 (18.6%) | 0 (0%) | 31 (23.0%) | 7 (36.8%) | 432 (41.0%) | 34 (26.2%) | ||||||
| 2 | 57 (18.0%) | 15 (34.1%) | 64 (16.3%) | 7 (22.6%) | 45 (26.8%) | 14 (46.7%) | 9 (20.9%) | 1 (16.7%) | 16 (11.9%) | 4 (21.1%) | 191 (18.1%) | 41 (31.5%) | ||||||
| 3 | 23 (7.3%) | 6 (13.6%) | 50 (12.8%) | 8 (25.8%) | 11 (6.5%) | 2 (6.7%) | 16 (37.2%) | 2 (33.3%) | 4 (3.0%) | 2 (10.5%) | 104 (9.9%) | 20 (15.4%) | ||||||
| 4 | 2 (0.6%) | 2 (4.5%) | 2 (0.5%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.3%) | 2 (4.7%) | 2 (33.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (0.6%) | 5 (3.8%) | ||||||
| Missing | 10 (3.2%) | 3 (6.8%) | 2 (0.5%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (3.0%) | 3 (10.0%) | 1 (2.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 18 (1.7%) | 6 (4.6%) | ||||||
| T | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 42 (13.3%) | 9 (20.5%) | 109 (27.8%) | 11 (35.5%) | 53 (31.5%) | 8 (26.7%) | – | – | 63 (46.7%) | 5 (26.3%) | 267 (25.3%) | 33 (25.4%) | 0.279 | 0.111 | 0.175 | N/A | 0.106 | 0.172 |
| 2 | 50 (15.8%) | 5 (11.4%) | 102 (26.0%) | 2 (6.5%) | 58 (34.5%) | 6 (20.0%) | – | – | 51 (37.8%) | 7 (36.8%) | 261 (24.8%) | 20 (15.4%) | ||||||
| 3 | 143 (45.3%) | 18 (40.9%) | 83 (21.2%) | 8 (25.8%) | 38 (22.6%) | 11 (36.7%) | – | – | 9 (6.7%) | 2 (10.5%) | 273 (25.9%) | 39 (30.0%) | ||||||
| 4 | 58 (18.4%) | 4 (9.1%) | 96 (24.5%) | 10 (32.3%) | 15 (8.9%) | 1 (3.3%) | – | – | 9 (6.7%) | 4 (21.1%) | 178 (16.9%) | 19 (14.6%) | ||||||
| Missing | 23 (7.3%) | 8 (18.2%) | 2 (0.5%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (2.4%) | 4 (13.3%) | 43 (100%) | 6 (100%) | 3 (2.2%) | 1 (5.3%) | 75 (7.1%) | 19 (14.6%) | ||||||
| N | ||||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 155 (49.1%) | 17 (38.6%) | 188 (48.0%) | 17 (54.8%) | 125 (74.4%) | 20 (66.7%) | – | – | 81 (60.0%) | 8 (42.1%) | 549 (52.1%) | 62 (47.7%) | 0.177 | 0.687 | 0.770 | N/A | 0.003 | 0.403 |
| 1 | 76 (24.1%) | 14 (31.8%) | 71 (18.1%) | 7 (22.6%) | 19 (11.3%) | 3 (10.0%) | – | – | 36 (26.7%) | 5 (26.3%) | 202 (19.2%) | 29 (22.3%) | ||||||
| 2 | 37 (11.7%) | 1 (2.3%) | 97 (24.7%) | 5 (16.1%) | 8 (4.8%) | 2 (6.7%) | – | – | 3 (2.2%) | 4 (21.1%) | 145 (13.8%) | 12 (9.2%) | ||||||
| 3 | 16 (5.1%) | 2 (4.5%) | 29 (7.4%) | 2 (6.5%) | 5 (3.0%) | 0 (0%) | – | – | 9 (6.7%) | 1 (5.3%) | 59 (5.6%) | 5 (3.8%) | ||||||
| Missing | 32 (10.1%) | 10 (22.7%) | 7 (1.8%) | 0 (0%) | 11 (6.5%) | 5 (16.7%) | 43 (100%) | 6 (100%) | 6 (4.4%) | 1 (5.3%) | 99 (9.4%) | 22 (16.9%) | ||||||
| M | ||||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 217 (68.7%) | 28 (63.6%) | 361 (92.1%) | 29 (93.5%) | 138 (82.1%) | 18 (60.0%) | – | – | 113 (83.7%) | 14 (73.7%) | 829 (78.7%) | 89 (68.5%) | 0.894 | 0.846 | 0.018 | N/A | >0.999 | 0.057 |
| 1 | 90 (28.5%) | 13 (29.5%) | 23 (5.9%) | 1 (3.2%) | 28 (16.7%) | 11 (36.7%) | – | – | 22 (16.3%) | 3 (15.8%) | 163 (15.5%) | 28 (21.5%) | ||||||
| Missing | 9 (2.8%) | 3 (6.8%) | 8 (2.0%) | 1 (3.2%) | 2 (1.2%) | 1 (3.3%) | 43 (100%) | 6 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (10.5%) | 62 (5.9%) | 13 (10.0%) | ||||||
| UICC | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 60 (19.0%) | 8 (18.2%) | 118 (30.1%) | 10 (32.3%) | 46 (27.4%) | 8 (26.7%) | – | – | 51 (37.8%) | 5 (26.3%) | 275 (26.1%) | 31 (23.8%) | 0.930 | 0.831 | 0.163 | N/A | 0.003 | 0.310 |
| 2 | 85 (26.9%) | 9 (20.5%) | 55 (14.0%) | 3 (9.7%) | 46 (27.4%) | 5 (16.7%) | – | – | 50 (37.0%) | 3 (15.8%) | 236 (22.4%) | 20 (15.4%) | ||||||
| 3 | 72 (22.8%) | 10 (22.7%) | 64 (16.3%) | 4 (12.9%) | 38 (22.6%) | 5 (16.7%) | – | – | 12 (8.9%) | 7 (36.8%) | 186 (17.6%) | 26 (20.0%) | ||||||
| 4 | 93 (29.4%) | 13 (29.5%) | 155 (39.5%) | 14 (45.2%) | 36 (21.4%) | 12 (40.0%) | – | – | 22 (16.3%) | 3 (15.8%) | 306 (29.0%) | 42 (32.3%) | ||||||
| Missing | 6 (1.9%) | 4 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (1.2%) | 0 (0%) | 43 (100%) | 6 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (5.3%) | 51 (4.8%) | 11 (8.5%) | ||||||
| Pulmonary metastases | ||||||||||||||||||
| No | 304 (96.2%) | 42 (95.5%) | 363 (92.6%) | 28 (90.3%) | 146 (86.9%) | 25 (83.3%) | 43 (100%) | 6 (100%) | 129 (95.6%) | 17 (89.5%) | 985 (93.5%) | 118 (90.8%) | >0.999 | 0.913 | 0.813 | N/A | 0.571 | 0.337 |
| Yes | 12 (3.8%) | 2 (4.5%) | 29 (7.4%) | 3 (9.7%) | 22 (13.1%) | 5 (16.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (4.4%) | 2 (10.5%) | 69 (6.5%) | 12 (9.2%) | ||||||
The cohort includes all patients thatwho were admitted to our cancer centercentre who had undergone a CT- scan of the thorax. Percentages were calculated separately for each column, that is, each ratio group (PA/A≤1 vs. PA/A>1), equalling 100%. Values of zer0o indicate that a patient’s information was missing.
Age was measured in years, Q1 and Q3 representing the 95% CI.
P values were calculated in a linear regression model, p values of <0.05 were considered to reflect a statistically significant difference.
BCbreast cancerBNPbrain natriuretic peptideCNScentral nervous systemECOGEastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance statusGICgastrointestinal cancerHNChead and neck cancerPA/Apulmonary artery and ascending aortaPulmonary Metastasesexistence of pulmonary metastasis for each patient at first diagnosis of cancerUICCUnion for International Cancer ControlUROCurological cancer